Effect of smoking status on coronary artery disease among Chinese post-menopausal women

Abstract

Smoking is a prominent risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. The occurrence of myocardial infarction and mortality in smokers with cardiovascular diseases is several times higher than that in non-smokers. Smoking is associated with gender-independent enhanced mortality. We determined the effect of smoking status on coronary artery disease (CAD) and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in Chinese post-menopausal women. Among these patients, those with significant CAD (≥50 % luminal narrowing) were further classified into one-, two-, or three-vessel disease according to CCTA results. The following events were recorded: all-cause mortality, non-fatal infarction and unstable angina. 2332 patients evaluated with CCTA included 1668 never smokers (71.5 %), 475 former smokers (20.4 %), and 189 current smokers (8.1 %). The current smokers exhibit greater luminal narrowing as observed on CCTA (p < 0.001) than the other subjects. During the median 685 ± 269.8 days follow-up period, never-smoking women have a low incidence of events, whereas former and current smokers are associated with an increased incidence of such event (p < 0.001). Furthermore, current smoking and the presence of multiple-vessel disease on CCTA are independently associated with the events in the logistic regression analysis. Smoking status is related to significant CAD and luminal narrowing on CCTA in the Chinese post-menopausal smoking women. In addition, current smoking and the presence of multiple-vessel disease on CCTA can independently predict events of all-cause mortality, non-fatal infarction or unstable angina.

Association of Baseline Smoking Status with Long-Term Prognosis in Patients Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Large Single-Center Data

“…We could not find out which endpoint current smoking really effects. As reported in the Chinese postmenopausal women, current smoking and the presence of multiple-vessel disease can independently predict events of all-cause death, nonfatal infarction, or unstable angina [33]. It is reasonable to speculate that smoking has effect on outcomes of patients who suffered from severe CAD.…”

Smoking cessation: Adherence based on patients’ illness perception after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery

“…Smoking cessation is one of the most important factors to prevent CAD 6 . Smoking can increase the rate of myocardial infarction several folds in patients with cardiovascular diseases 7 . Many studies showed that smoking after CABG could increase the risk of CAD recurrence, potentially leading to pulmonary complications, myocardial infarction, the disturbances of wound healing, hospital readmission, and even death 8, 9, 10.…”