“…The proposed solutions have already resulted in considerable improvements in the QDSSCs' performance and stability. Many effective methods have been developed up to now to resolve the issues with QDSSCs such as an optimal design of QD sensitizers to balance sunlight absorption and electron injection (Chang, Li, Chiang, Chen, & Li, 2016;Elibol, Elibol, Cadırcı, & Tutkun, 2019;Liu, Chen, & Lee, 2016;Rahman et al, 2021), and achieving good sensor coverage by immobilizing pre-synthesised QDs on semiconductor oxides, (Alavi, Rahimi, Maleki, & Hosseini-Kharat, 2020;Y. Fu et al, 2017;Goodwin et al, 2018;Halder, Ghosh, Ali, Sahasrabudhe, & Bhattacharyya, 2018;Manjceevan & Bandara, 2018).…”