Effect of Sodium Borate on the Preparation of TiN from Titanomagnetite Concentrates by Carbothermic Reduction–Magnetic Separation and Acid Leaching Process

Abstract

Carbothermic reduction–magnetic separation and acid leaching processes were used to produce TiN and direct reduced iron (DRI) from titanomagnetite concentrates. The effects of sodium borate on the reduction behavior of TMCs, the magnetic separation of the reduced products, and the purification of the impure TiN by acid leaching were investigated. Results of x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis showed that magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl2O4) was generated in the reduced products, which could hinder the purification of the TiN. Adding sodium borate not only inhibited the formation of MgAl2O4, but also promoted the formation of TiN by decreasing the roasting temperature and time. Adding sodium borate slightly affected the separation of metallic Fe and TiN. By adding 16% sodium borate, a DRI with 94.3% Fe, 0.6% Ti, and 0.1% V was obtained by magnetic separation. After HCl + HF leaching, the TiN product containing 74.1% Ti and 2.8% V was obtained with the Ti recovery of 94.6% and V recovery of 58.3%.

Produksi Besi Dan Terak Titanium Kadar Tinggi Dari Konsentrat Pasir Besi Atau Titanomagnetit: Ulasan Literatur [Production of Iron and High Purity Titanium Slag From Iron Sand or Titanomagnetite Concentrate: Literature Review]

“…Namun, TiN yang dihasilkan masih mengandung banyak pengotor terutama MgAl2O4 yang tidak larut dalam asam sehingga diperlukan proses pemurnian lebih lanjut. Oleh karena itu, penelitian dilanjutkan dengan menambahkan boraks pada proses reduksi untuk mengubah senyawa yang tahan terhadap asam (MgAl2O4) menjadi senyawa yang larut di dalam asam [27].…”

“…Yu dkk., [25], [27] menyebutkan bahwa logam Fe dan TiN dapat dipisahkan dengan pemisahan magnetik, sedangkan pemisahan antara logam Fe dan TiC belum dipelajari lebih lanjut. Penelitian tersebut tidak menyebutkan berapa ukuran butiran TiN dan TiC yang terbentuk untuk dilakukan pemisahan secara magnetik sehingga belum butiran TiC atau TiN dapat dipisahkan secara magnetik pada penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Qin dkk.…”

Research on High-Pressure Hydrochloric Acid Leaching of Scandium, Aluminum and Other Valuable Components from the Non-Magnetic Tailings Obtained from Red Mud after Iron Removal

“…The magnesium aluminum oxide is also undissolved even at 190 • C and 20% acid concentration. MgAl 2 O 4 is a hardly soluble phase that remains in the residue after sequential long-time treatment by 36 to 38% HCl and 40% HF [61]. Even high-pressure leaching by a strong HCl solution at 210 • C led to substantial but still incomplete dissolution of MgAl 2 O 4 [62].…”

Research on High-Pressure Hydrochloric Acid Leaching of Scandium, Aluminium and Other Valuable Components from the Non-Magnetic Residues Obtained from Red Mud after Iron Removal

“…The magnesium aluminum oxide is also undissolved even at 190 °C and 20% acid concentration. MgAl2O4 is a hardly soluble phase that remains in the residue after sequential long-time treatment by 36-38% HCl и 40% HF [56]. Even high-pressure leaching by a strong HCl solution at 210°C led to substantial but still incomplete dissolution of MgAl2O4 [57].…”