Effect of solution treatment temperature on the precipitation kinetic of σ-phase in 2205 duplex stainless steel welds

Badji, Riad; Bouabdallah, M.; Bacroix, Brigitte; Kahloun, C.; Bettahar, Khireddine; Kherrouba, Nabil

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2008.06.024

Cited by 130 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The evaluation and quantification of SPs in DSS through LM image analysis is difficult and hard work is reported in literature to find a suitable methodology, including DSS preparation, selective etching methods, image acquisition through back-scattered electrons in scanning electron microscopy, and the selection of the quantitative description parameters and surface distributions of stereological parameters [39][40][41][42]. In the present investigation all of the SPs reported in the literature were found in DSS 2055.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Although such SP concentrations also have little, or no, effect on the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and Young's modulus [11], as a matter of fact, they are considered as a critical limit for industrial applications, because they are sufficient to strongly decrease the toughness of DSS. For instance,~1% of σ phase causes the impact value to drop by about 50% in comparison with the original conditions (solution annealed and quenched) [41]. TEM only at 750 °C in low volume fractions, but with morphology and size comparable to the σ phase, so the χ phase precipitates were counted in the LM image analysis reported in Table 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flat-Top Cylinder Indenter Examination of Duplex Stainless Steel 2205 after Different Heat Treatments

Angella

Fava

Montanari

et al. 2017

Metals

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Abstract:The duplex stainless steel 2205 was heat treated at 750 • C, 850 • C, and 900 • C for increasing durations of up to 10 h. The samples were investigated through light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to characterize the volume fraction and morphology of the precipitated secondary phases. The samples were then tested via flat-top cylinder indenter for mechanical characterization (FIMEC) testing to determine the yield stresses that were found to be significantly affected by the different heat treatments. The yield stress evolution with heat treatments resulted in being correlated to both the relative volumes of the secondary phases and the morphology of the σ phase. The FIMEC test proved to be capable of detecting the effects of small amounts of secondary phases on yield stress in DSS 2205 and seems to be a promising technique for industrial applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flat-Top Cylinder Indenter Examination of Duplex Stainless Steel 2205 after Different Heat Treatments

Angella

Fava

Montanari

et al. 2017

Metals

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“…Duplex stainless steels (DSS) present excellent mechanical and corrosion resistance properties when the steel microstructures are only composed by austenite (γ) and ferrite (α) in approximately equal amounts [1,2]. These materials have been widely used in marine and petrochemical industries, desalination services and paper mills, just to cite a few examples [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of Induced Magnetic Field Signals for the Microstructural Characterization of Sigma Phase in Duplex Stainless Steels

Silva

Marinho

Filho

et al. 2016

Metals

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Duplex stainless steels present excellent mechanical and corrosion resistance properties. However, when heat treated at temperatures above 600 • C, the undesirable tertiary sigma phase is formed. This phase presents high hardness, around 900 HV, and it is rich in chromium, the material toughness being compromised when the amount of this phase is not less than 4%. This work aimed to develop a solution for the detection of this phase in duplex stainless steels through the computational classification of induced magnetic field signals. The proposed solution is based on an Optimum Path Forest classifier, which was revealed to be more robust and effective than Bayes, Artificial Neural Network and Support Vector Machine based classifiers. The induced magnetic field was produced by the interaction between an applied external field and the microstructure. Samples of the 2205 duplex stainless steel were thermal aged in order to obtain different amounts of sigma phases (up to 18% in content). The obtained classification results were compared against the ones obtained by Charpy impact energy test, amount of sigma phase, and analysis of the fracture surface by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The proposed solution achieved a classification accuracy superior to 95% and was revealed to be robust to signal noise, being therefore a valid testing tool to be used in this domain.

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“…En este contexto, el comportamiento de los aceros dúplex puede ser significativamente afectado por el proceso de soldadura [7][8][9] . Por otra parte, el contenido y la naturaleza de los elementos aleantes, principalmente cromo y molibdeno, así como también la presencia de una matriz ferrítica aumentan la susceptibilidad a la fragilización cuando estos materiales se exponen a altas temperaturas (813-1.173 K) o, en su defecto, a enfriamientos lentos en su proceso de manufactura o por tratamientos térmicos [10][11][12] . Sin embargo, los aceros dúplex no se emplean en aplicaciones en las que la temperatura de servicio sea superior a 573 K ni suelen someterse a tratamientos térmicos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Formación de fase sigma en uniones soldadas de acero inoxidable súper dúplex fundido

2011

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ResumenEl presente trabajo describe las características microestructurales de uniones soldadas de acero súper dúplex fundido (J93404), al ser sometidas a procesos de recocido para inducir la formación de fase sigma a altas temperaturas. Se analizó la influencia del tiempo de calentamiento a 1.073 K, 1.123 K y 1.173 K sobre la precipitación de fase sigma en la zona afectada térmicamente, metal base y zona de fusión de los conjuntos soldados. Los resultados experimentales evidenciaron la formación de este compuesto intermetálico por descomposición de la fase ferrítica en austenita y sigma. Al comienzo de la transformación la fase nuclea y crece rápidamente en los bordes de grano austenita-ferrita, extendiéndose luego masivamente hacia el seno de la zona ferrítica, con mayor efectividad en términos del aumento de la temperatura de proceso. La formación de sigma en todas las uniones soldadas obedece a un mecanismo de nucleación y crecimiento del tipo Jonson-Mehl-Avrami. Palabras claveFase sigma; Acero súper dúplex fundido; Microestructura; Fundición; Soldadura. Sigma-phase formation in weldments of cast super duplex stainless steel AbstractThis paper decribes the microstructural characteristics of weldments of cast super duplex stainless steel (J93404), being subjected to annealing processes to induce formation of sigma-phase at high temperatures. The influence of heating time at 1073 K, 1123 K and 1173 K upon precipitation of sigma in the heat affected zone, base metal and fusion zone of the weldments was analyzed. The experimental results revealed the formation of this intermetallic compound throughout decomposition of the ferritic phase into austenite and sigma. At earlier stages of the transformation the phase rapidly nucleates and growth along the ferrite-austenite grain boundaries, and then massively advances towards the bulk of the ferritic zone with greater effectiveness as temperature increases. The formation of sigma-phase in all weldments resembles the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami's mechanism stated for nucleation and growth. KeywordsSigma-phase; Cast super duplex steel; Microstructure; Casting; Welding. INTRODUCCIÓNEl extenso uso que los aceros inoxidables del tipo dúplex han encontrado en la industria moderna, es una consecuencia de su excelente resistencia al agrietamiento por corrosión bajo tensiones en atmósferas cloradas, resistencia a la corrosión localizada y alta resistencia mecánica a la tracción. Tales propiedades posibilitan una gran variedad de aplicaciones industriales, particularmente en el campo de los combustibles, petroquímica, pulpa y papel, generación de energía, transporte marítimo, minería y contaminación ambiental [1 y 2] . Estas aleaciones presentan una estructura mixta compuesta por cantidades relativas aproximadamente iguales de las fases austenita (estructura FCC) y ferrita (estructura BCC), lo cual se logra mediante un adecuado balance de los elementos aleantes. Las aleaciones de mayores aplicaciones industriales contienen de 22 a 26 % de Cr, de 4 a 7 % de Ni, hasta 4,5 % de Mo, 0,7 % ...

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Effect of solution treatment temperature on the precipitation kinetic of σ-phase in 2205 duplex stainless steel welds

Cited by 130 publications

References 24 publications

Flat-Top Cylinder Indenter Examination of Duplex Stainless Steel 2205 after Different Heat Treatments

Flat-Top Cylinder Indenter Examination of Duplex Stainless Steel 2205 after Different Heat Treatments

Classification of Induced Magnetic Field Signals for the Microstructural Characterization of Sigma Phase in Duplex Stainless Steels

Formación de fase sigma en uniones soldadas de acero inoxidable súper dúplex fundido

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