Effect of sowing rate on the growth and yield of standard and semidwarf wheat cultivars

Clements, R. J.; Cross, R. J.; Sanders, P.

doi:10.1080/03015521.1974.10425750

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Later emerged tillers were less represented in the populations. There appeared to be little difference in tillering patterns between semi-dwarf Karamu and standard height Kopara confirming observations by Clements et al (1974) and Power & Alessi (1978). The earlier and faster rate of tillering in the semi-dwarf wheat ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Dynamics of tiller populations of standard height and semi-dwarf wheats

Fraser¹,

Dougherty

Länger

1982

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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The effects of sowing rate and N fertiliser on tiller populations in field-sown wheat were investigated. Two cultivars were evaluated, a semi-dwarf wheat cv. "Kararnu" and a standard height wheat cv. "Kopara". The number of tille~s represented in a population was related to their order of appearance, namely: main stem, Tiller 1, Tiller 2, Tiller 3, Tiller 4, and secondary tillers. The maximum rate of tiller production in the semi-dwarf exceeded 450 tillers/rnvweek whereas the standard height wheat reached a rate of 390 tillers/rnvweek. Kopara produced more tillers than the semi-dwarf but fewer survived to maturity. Maximum tiller death rates of the standard wheat exceeded 300 tillers/rnvweek whereas tiller senescence was 210 tillers/mvweek in the semi-dwarf. Tiller numbers per plant were fewer at 500 plants/rn", but the increased proportion of main stems at the hig~er seeding rate resulted in a higher spike population because of their low mortality rate. N fertiliser at 90 kglha increased tiller numbers in a similar manner to a low seeding rate with Tiller 3 showing the greatest response. Tiller survival to harvest was also increased by application of N fertiliser. Tillers in Kopara were more likely to succumb to stress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Dynamics of tiller populations of standard height and semi-dwarf wheats

Fraser¹,

Dougherty

Länger

1982

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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“…In winter-sown Karamu tillering begins earlier than in standard cultivars (Fraser & Dougherty 1977), possibly because leaves are produced faster (Syme 1974). Fischer et al (1976) suggested that semidwarf wheats derived from Norin 10 may have low optimal densities, but there is little evidence that this is so in this experiment or in other New Zealand work (Clements et al 1974;Dougherty et al 1975b). However, it is conceivable that in freely tillering cultivars, agronomic control of spike populations might best be achieved at seeding rates which are less than conventional ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Clements et al (1974) found no evidence that the pattern of tillering of spring-sown Karamu and other semidwarf wheats differed from standard wheats or that they were able to support higher spike populations. In winter-sown Karamu tillering begins earlier than in standard cultivars (Fraser & Dougherty 1977), possibly because leaves are produced faster (Syme 1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Response surfaces of semidwarf wheat for seeding rate, and levels and times of application of nitrogen fertiliser

Dougherty

Love

Mountier

1978

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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A three factor central composite second order design in incomplete blocks was used to quantify the responses of semidwarf 'Karamu' wheat established at five seeding rates (170-580 seeds/m 2 ), and fertilised at five rates of N at the onset of tillering (0-124 kg/hal and during spikelet growth (0-38 kg/ha). N applied at tillering raised grain yields by increasing spike populations and the mean number of spike lets per spike, but generally depressed mean grain dry weights and, at low rates, reduced grain content. Persistence of N in the soil after higher rates of application may have accounted for its linear responses in that it influenced more of the yield components. N fertiliser applied during spikelet growth tended to reduce spike populations, and its effects on other yield components depended on the level of N applied at early tillering. Thus it depressed spikelets per ~.pike and mean grain weight when no N was applied at tillering and increased the values of these components when high rates were applied. Applications of N at tillering generally increased grain N content and grain N yield but had little influence on grain yield. Seeding rate increments modified components of yield but had little effect on grain yield or grain N content. Spike populations increased linearly with seeding rate but mean numbers of spikelets per spike declined especially at lower levels of N nutrition. At low seeding rates N appeared to be limiting grain set whereas at higher seeding rates assimilates appeared to be limiting. Thus the effects of seeding rate and N fertilisers at tillering were related to their common effect on spike populations.

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“…Clements, Cross & Sanders (1974) also found no difference in tillering between two tall and three semi-dwarf varieties in New Zealand, but Lupton et al (1974a) reported that, in 3 years, a group of semi-dwarf lines had a greater maximum number of tillers and more ears than a group of tall varieties that included Cappelle-Desprez but not Maris Huntsman. However, this latter generalization is not true for the comparison of Hobbit (TL 363/30) and Maris Fundin (TL 365a/37) with Cappelle-Desprez in the one year for which detailed data are given.…”

Section: Physiological Differences Between Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on growth and yield of semi-dwarf and tall varieties of winter wheat

1978

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Eight amounts of nitrogen ranging from 0 to 210 kg N/ha were applied to two tall and one semi-dwarf variety of winter wheat in the spring of 1975 and 1976. The tall varieties were Cappelle-Desprez and Maris Huntsman; the semi-dwarf variety was Maris Fundin in 1975 and Hobbit in 1976. Interactions between varieties and nitrogen were few and small compared with the main effects. All varieties produced their maximum grain yields with 180 kg N/ha. The yield of the semi-dwarf varieties, but not the others, decreased slightly with more nitrogen.Cappelle-Desprez yielded less grain than the other varieties in both years. In 1975 the yields of Maris Fundin and Maris Huntsman were similar and in 1976 Hobbit yielded more than Maris Huntsman. The varieties had similar numbers of ears at maturity and similar patterns of tillering. The semi-dwarf varieties had most grains per spikelet, and hence grains per ear, and Cappelle-Desprez had least. The semi-dwarf varieties had the smallest grains. The semi-dwarf varieties had less straw than the other varieties and hence the largest ratios of grain to total above-ground dry weight. The decrease in dry weight of stem and leaves between anthesis and maturity was similar for all varieties. In 1975 the efficiency of the top two leaves plus top internode in producing grain was the same for all varieties, but in 1976 Hobbit was more efficient than the other two. There were some small differences between varieties in nutrient uptake that were not related to differences in growth. Maris Fundin tended to have a greater phosphorus and potassium content than the tall varieties. Hobbit contained slightly less nitrogen than the tall varieties at maturity, and had a smaller concentration of nitrogen in the grain.Applying 210 kg N/ha doubled grain yield in 1975. Applying nitrogen resulted in a large increase in number of ears and a small increase in number of grains per ear due to the development of more fertile spikelets per ear. Nitrogen decreased dry weight per grain, especially of the semi-dwarf varieties. With extra nitrogen, straw dry weight at maturity, shoot dry weight at anthesis and leaf area were all increased relatively more than grain yield, and stems lost more dry weight between anthesis and maturity than without nitrogen. The year 1976 was exceptionally dry and nitrogen had only small effects in that it affected neither straw dry weight nor number of ears but slightly increased grain yield by increasing the number of spikelets and number of grains per spikelet. It also increased leaf area proportionately to grain yield. In 1975 nitrogen increased evaporation of water from the crop before anthesis but decreased it after anthesis, even though it continued to increase the extraction of water from below 90 cm.

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Effect of sowing rate on the growth and yield of standard and semidwarf wheat cultivars

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Dynamics of tiller populations of standard height and semi-dwarf wheats

Dynamics of tiller populations of standard height and semi-dwarf wheats

Response surfaces of semidwarf wheat for seeding rate, and levels and times of application of nitrogen fertiliser

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on growth and yield of semi-dwarf and tall varieties of winter wheat

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