Effect of spatial variations and desiccation cracks on the DPHP and MPHP sensors

Palaparthy, Vinay S.; Mondal, Somenath; Singh, Devendrá; Baghini, Maryam Shojaei; Ananthasuresh, G. K.

doi:10.1016/j.sna.2018.06.056

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…All of the measurements were carried out at a constant-humidity environment (50%) and 25 °C temperature. Further, we have explored the potential use of the fabricated sensor to address the issues associated with the in situ soil moisture measurements, which demonstrates the novel part of this project compared to our earlier work. ,, The inaccurate data from the available sensors originate due to the inherent field-related issues and morphological changes of soil, which results in the formation of lumps . To address these issues, we have used the fabricated multisensing probe, which consists of five sensors embedded in a single probe.…”

Section: Materials and Experimental Detailssupporting

confidence: 66%

“…33,35,39 The inaccurate data from the available sensors originate due to the inherent field-related issues and morphological changes of soil, which results in the formation of lumps. 12 To address these issues, we have used the fabricated multisensing probe, which consists of five sensors embedded in a single probe. Thus, with the help of five sensing points, the final capacitance will be the average of individual capacitances measured by five microsensors.…”

Section: Materials and Experimental Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The former is a destructive method 11 and is restricted to laboratory scale, while the latter is used for both laboratory and in situ measurements. 12 The thermogravimetric technique (ovendried method) measures the moisture content using the mass difference of moist and dried soil (after oven-drying for 24 h, at 105 °C). This technique ensures accurate measure-ment and is widely employed as the standard reference for measuring soil moisture content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil moisture is mainly determined by two schemes, viz., gravimetric and volumetric methods. The former is a destructive method and is restricted to laboratory scale, while the latter is used for both laboratory and in situ measurements . The thermogravimetric technique (oven-dried method) measures the moisture content using the mass difference of moist and dried soil (after oven-drying for 24 h, at 105 °C).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A special case arises in the case of soil sample having ∼35% water content (below the saturation level). There is a formation of lumps due to the partial saturation and nonuniform distribution of water inside the soil matrix, 12 as shown in Figure 11c. Figure 11d−f shows the relative difference in the measured soil water content from each microsensor in comparison to the standard oven-dried technique for soil samples having ∼3, ∼15, and ∼35% water contents.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Graphene Oxide Array for In-Depth Soil Moisture Sensing toward Optimized Irrigation

Siddiqui

Palaparthy

Kalita

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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A capacitive approach is employed to find moisture of the soil at various depths (4.5−20 cm). The sensor probe having dimensions 22 × 4 × 0.5 cm 3 , embedded with a series of five microsensors (scalable according to the need), is developed using a graphene oxide (GO) sensor array. The measurement electrodes were designed in an interdigitated manner having eight pairs of comblike-shaped fingers with 100 nm thickness and 90 μm spacing. It has been observed that, for black soil, all of the microsensors displayed response in the range of 500−550% when the soil water content is varied from 3.2 to 55.5%. The graphene oxide-based array probe sensor (GO-APS) shows fast response and recovery time of 140 and 20 s, respectively, for 10% soil moisture samples. The soil moisture profile has been monitored up to a scale of 20 cm depth using the fabricated design. In-depth soil moisture profiling shows a maximum deviation of ±2.4% compared with a standard oven-drying method. The lump formation effect in soil mass showed a maximum deviation of ±4% for the GO-APS array. This robust and low-cost GO-APS with high sensitivity is promising for technological advances in agricultural application.

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Section: Materials and Experimental Detailssupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Materials and Experimental Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Graphene Oxide Array for In-Depth Soil Moisture Sensing toward Optimized Irrigation

Siddiqui

Palaparthy

Kalita

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Analysis of a Soil-Moisture Sensor for Potential Failure Modes and Mass Manufacturing

Mogra

Aouti

Rakesh

et al. 2021

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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We present techniques for mass manufacturing of a soil-moisture sensor that includes a heat probe and a temperature probe. The requirement of mass manufacturing necessitated a few changes in design of the heat probe. We also present an improved design using the standard method of reliability analysis. Potential failure modes were identified for the sensor, and the modifications to the design were made accordingly. The approach to design was aimed at improving the accuracy and repeatability of the sensor as well as making it suitable for mass manufacturing. Automating the process of manufacturing the sensor as a mechatronic system is outlined. By doing so, we aim to bring down the cost of the sensor considerably, thus enabling the use of sensors in large quantities for deployment in a field. IntroductionSoil-moisture sensors are beneficial for controlled irrigation practices in agriculture. Since the moisture level might vary from point to point in a field, enough sensors need to be deployed over the entire field. Hence, the sensor must be made affordable, reliable, and accurate. This can be achieved through automated mass-manufacturing processes while ensuring reliability. In our earlier work [1, 2], we developed, prototyped, analyzed, and tested a soil-moisture sensor. It takes, on an average, 10 h to make one sensor manually. It is a laborious process and manual method affects the consistency of sensor performance. In this paper, we undertake translational research aspects to make the sensor suitable for producing in large numbers with consistent performance for extensive field studies.The sensor under consideration is called a dual-probe heat-pulse (DPHP) sensor (Fig. 1). It consists of two probes: a heater and a thermocouple. The heater comprises a nichrome wire (50 µm diameter) wound around a relatively thick copper wire

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A novel spectroscopy-based method using monopole antenna for measuring soil water content

Jwo

2021

Measurement

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Effect of spatial variations and desiccation cracks on the DPHP and MPHP sensors

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Graphene Oxide Array for In-Depth Soil Moisture Sensing toward Optimized Irrigation

Graphene Oxide Array for In-Depth Soil Moisture Sensing toward Optimized Irrigation

Analysis of a Soil-Moisture Sensor for Potential Failure Modes and Mass Manufacturing

A novel spectroscopy-based method using monopole antenna for measuring soil water content

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