Effect of spinal cord stimulation in an animal model of neuropathic pain relates to degree of tactile “allodynia”

Smits, Helwin; Ultenius, Camilla; Deumens, Ronald; Koopmans, Guido C; Honig, Wiel; Kleef, Maarten van; Linderoth, Bengt; Joosten, Elbert A.J.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.08.007

Cited by 66 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 182 publications

(220 reference statements)

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“…The effects of SCS at higher frequencies are similar to that found in animals with nerve injury. 13,14,[18][19][20]22,23,28,67,76 However, our previous studies show that a lower frequency (4 Hz) also reduced nerve injury-induced pain. 67,69,77 The differences between sensitivity to low-and high-frequency SCS between the models is unclear but could relate to different mechanisms of action of low-and high-frequency SCS, since low-frequency (4 Hz) SCS uses μ-opioid receptors and high-frequency (60 Hz) SCS uses δ-opioid receptors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Spinal Cord Stimulation Reduces Mechanical Hyperalgesia and Restores Physical Activity Levels in Animals with Noninflammatory Muscle Pain in a Frequency-Dependent Manner

Gong

Johanek

Sluka

2014

Anesthesia &Amp; Analgesia

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Spinal Cord Stimulation Reduces Mechanical Hyperalgesia and Restores Physical Activity Levels in Animals with Noninflammatory Muscle Pain in a Frequency-Dependent Manner

Gong

Johanek

Sluka

2014

Anesthesia &Amp; Analgesia

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“…This is the first study to show the long-term effectiveness of SCS with repeated treatment and to show improvements in physical activity. Prior studies have shown that a single treatment or treatment for 4 -5 days reduces mechanical hyperalgesia of the paw after nerve injury in multiple models (Guan et al, 2010;Maeda et al, 2009;Smits et al, 2006;Song, Ansah, Meyerson, Pertovaara, & Linderoth, 2013;Truin et al, 2011;Sato et al, 2013;Sato et al, 2014). The magnitude of the reduction varies considerably between studies, with some reports showing nearly complete reversal and others showing a smaller reversal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal cord stimulation (scs) improves decreased physical activity induced by nerve injury.

Sato

Johanek

Sanada

et al. 2014

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is used to manage treatment of neuropathic pain to reduce pain and hyperalgesia and to improve activity. Prior studies using animal models of neuropathic pain have shown that SCS reduces hyperalgesia; however, it is unclear whether SCS affects physical activity. Therefore, we tested whether nerve injury (spared nerve injury [SNI] model) reduced physical activity levels, and whether SCS could restore these decreased activity levels. We tested whether SCS given over a long duration (6 hr daily for 3 months) remained effective. We compared SNI with uninjured controls over 4 weeks, and SNI with sham SCS with SNI with active SCS (4 or 60 Hz at 90% motor threshold). We confirmed the presence of mechanical hyperalgesia by examining mechanical thresholds of the paw with von Frey filaments. Physical activity levels were monitored over 30 min in an automated activity chamber as follows: overall activity, distance traveled, grooming behaviors, and rearing. Measures were taken during SCS every 1-2 weeks for 3 months. Animals with SNI (and no or sham SCS) showed decreased withdrawal thresholds ipsilaterally and reduced physical activity (rearing, distance, lines crossed) for 3 months. Both 4- and 60-Hz SCS increased paw withdrawal threshold during and immediately after SCS through 3 months. Both 4- and 60-Hz SCS increased the overall activity (lines crossed), distance traveled, and rearing, but not grooming behaviors for 3 months. This effect remained similar across the 3 months. Thus, measurement of spontaneous physical activity could be useful to examine nocifensive behaviors after nerve injury and is sensitive to SCS.

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“…The same implantation procedure and SCS system were used as reported earlier (Smits et al, 2006). The same implantation procedure and SCS system were used as reported earlier (Smits et al, 2006).…”

Section: Implantation Of the Scs Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased efficacy of early spinal cord stimulation in an animal model of neuropathic pain

Truin

Kleef

Linderoth

et al. 2011

European Journal of Pain

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Although spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an established treatment for chronic neuropathic pain, pain relief is still not successful in a large group of patients. We suggest that the success of SCS may be related to the timing of SCS during the development of chronic neuropathic pain. We therefore compared the effect of SCS applied after 24h of neuropathic pain (early SCS) and after 16days of neuropathic pain (late SCS). For early SCS, male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=13) were implanted with an SCS device, followed by a partial ligation of the sciatic nerve. Using von Frey monofilaments, tactile allodynia was assessed 24h after ligation. Animals with tactile allodynia received 30min of SCS. Withdrawal thresholds were assessed just before SCS, during SCS and until the return to pre-stimulation withdrawal threshold. Results were compared with the data from late SCS (n=29). Out of the 13 allodynic animals that received early SCS, 10 (77%) responded to SCS with significantly increased withdrawal thresholds, compared to 38% in the late SCS group. The increase of the withdrawal threshold in the early SCS group could still be noticed 90min after termination of SCS. In more than half of these animals, pre-stimulation withdrawal thresholds were reached only the next day. Early SCS resulted in an increased number of responders to SCS and furthermore an increased duration of the effect of SCS as compared to late SCS. Early SCS treatment of neuropathic rats is more effective as compared to the late SCS treatment.

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Effect of spinal cord stimulation in an animal model of neuropathic pain relates to degree of tactile “allodynia”

Cited by 66 publications

References 182 publications

Spinal Cord Stimulation Reduces Mechanical Hyperalgesia and Restores Physical Activity Levels in Animals with Noninflammatory Muscle Pain in a Frequency-Dependent Manner

Spinal Cord Stimulation Reduces Mechanical Hyperalgesia and Restores Physical Activity Levels in Animals with Noninflammatory Muscle Pain in a Frequency-Dependent Manner

Spinal cord stimulation (scs) improves decreased physical activity induced by nerve injury.

Increased efficacy of early spinal cord stimulation in an animal model of neuropathic pain

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