Effect of Starch Induced Bacterial Growth and Amylase Production in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>

Ensari, N. Yavuz; Otludil, Birol; Aytekin, Çetin

doi:10.1002/star.19950470807

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The removal of glycoproteic fraction of the collagen is required for further collagenase digestion. We removed the host α-amylase during the centrifugation process but previous research has reported α-amylase activity in different bacterial strains from human and environmental samples. , The initial process of the mussels digestion in the oral reactor may affect food matrix structure and further digestion in the lower compartments. Moreover, recent research has shown that human salivary amylase gene copy number impacts oral and gut microbiomes, supporting the hypothesis of a close interplay between the oral cavity and gut microbiomes and the host.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary and Gut Microbiomes Play a Significant Role in in Vitro Oral Bioaccessibility, Biotransformation, and Intestinal Absorption of Arsenic from Food

Calatayud

Xiong

Laing

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The release of a toxicant from a food matrix during the gastrointestinal digestion is a crucial determinant of the toxicant's oral bioavailability. We present a modified setup of the human simulator of the gut microbial ecosystem (SHIME), with four sequential gastrointestinal reactors (oral, stomach, small intestine, and colon), including the salivary and colonic microbiomes. Naturally arsenic-containing rice, mussels, and nori seaweed were digested in the presence of microorganisms and in vitro oral bioaccessibility, bioavailability, and metabolism of arsenic species were evaluated following analysis by using HPLC/ mass spectrometry. When food matrices were digested with salivary bacteria, the soluble arsenic in the gastric digestion stage increased for mussel and nori samples, but no coincidence impact was found in the small intestinal and colonic digestion stages. However, the simulated small intestinal absorption of arsenic was increased in all food matrices (1.2−2.7 fold higher) following digestion with salivary microorganisms. No significant transformation of the arsenic species occurred except for the arsenosugars present in mussels and nori. In those samples, conversions between the oxo arsenosugars were observed in the small intestinal digestion stage whereupon the thioxo analogs became major metabolites. These results expand our knowledge on the likely metabolism and oral bioavailabiltiy of arsenic during human digestion, and provide valuable information for future risk assessments of dietary arsenic.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary and Gut Microbiomes Play a Significant Role in in Vitro Oral Bioaccessibility, Biotransformation, and Intestinal Absorption of Arsenic from Food

Calatayud

Xiong

Laing

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The influence of addition of amino acids and vitamins was studied by Sapre et al [16] who reported the increased production of xylanase by cystein and leucine. Zhang et al [18] reported amino acids stimulate the production of enzymes like α-amylase. They found that glycine addition increased the production of α-amylase by Bacillus amyloliquifaciens.…”

Section: Effect Of Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and partial purification of α-amylase from Pseudomonas sp. 2 under solid-state fermentation

Varalakshmi¹,

Pallavi²,

Banerjee³

et al. 2012

Turk J Bioch

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Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to isolate Pseudomonas sp. 2 from rhizosphere and screen for best amylase producer and to check for its suitability for industrial applications. Methods: Four strains of Pseudomonas were isolated from rhizosphere soil, by serial dilution method, of which Pseudomonas sp. 2 gave best results to α-amylase production. This strain was used to determine the enzyme production by SSF on wheat bran. Results and conclusion: The optimal enzyme production was obtained at 37 ºC and pH 7.5. Vitamins B 12 (50 mg) followed by Pyridoxine (50 mg) were found to be enhancing the enzyme production. Amino acids cysteine (30 mg), tyrosine (40 mg) and alanine (30 mg) were stimulating the enzyme production. The enzyme was partially purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation, and was further purified by ion exchange DEAE-cellulose column Chromatography. The purity of the enzyme was 45.2 fold greater than the crude enzyme. The molecular weight of the enzyme was found to be ~62 kDa by SDS-PAGE. This is the first report of any Pseudomonas sp. from rhizosphere being used for amylase production. The purified enzyme was not thermostable but it was acid tolerant making it suitable for industrial application. Key words: Pseudomonas sp. 2, α-amylase, SSF, Vitamins, Amino acids, Partial purification. Conflict of interest:The authors declare no conflicts of interest of any kind. ÖZETAmaç: Çalışamanın amacı Rizofer'den Pseudomonas sp. 2 bakterisini izole etmek, bundan en iyi amilaz üretimini bulmak ve bunun endüstriyel aplikasyonlara uygunluğunu kontrol etmektir. Metot: Seri dilüsyon metodu ile 4 tane Pseudomonas suju izole eidilmiştir. Bunların arasından Pseudomonas sp. 2 en iyi α-amilaz üretimini vermiştir. Bu suj, buğday kepeğinde SSF ile enzim üretiminde kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar ve Tartışma: Optimum enzim üretimi 37 ºC and pH 7.5'da elde edilmiştir. Vitamin B 12 (50 mg) ve takiben piridoksin (50 mg) muamelelerinin enzim üretimini arttırdığı bulunmuştur. Sistein (30 mg), ıirozin (40 mg) ve alanin (30 mg) amino asitlerinin de enzim üretimini arttırdığı gözlenmiştir. Enzim, amonyum sülfat presipitasyonu ve DEAE-selüloz kolon kromatografisi ile kısmen saflaştırılmıştır. Saflaştırma verimi, ham enzimden 45.2 kez fazladır. SDS-PAGE kullanılarak enzimin molekül ağırlığı ~62 kDa bulunmuştur. Bu çalışma, Rizosfer'den elde edilen Pseudomonas sp.'dan ilk defa amilaz elde edilmesi ve kullanılmasını sunmaktadır. Kısmen saflaştırılmış enzim termostabil değildir, fakat aside dayanıklıdır ki bu enzimi endüstriyel uygulamalar için uygun hale getirmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Pseudomonas sp. 2, α-amilaz, SSF, Vitaminler, Aminoasitler, Kısmi saflaştırma. Çıkar çatışması: Yazarlar hiçbir çıkar çatışması bulunmadığını beyan ederler.

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“…Thus combination fractions were lyophilized after dialysis against distilled water overnight at 4°C. The enzyme was stored at -20°C unless used immediately (1,12). Therefore, Enzyme activity was obtained in both supernatant and membranes in low level ( Table 4).…”

Section: Purification Of Amylase From Supernatantmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial growth requires a source of energy in order to assemble the various constituents comprising the cell. The energy supply is derived from the controlled break down of various organic substrates present in the environment such as starch, lipids, amino acid and proteins (1)(2)(3)(4). Amylases are enzymes, which hydrolyze starch molecules to give diverse product including dextrin and progressively smaller polymers composed of glucose units (5,6) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The composition and concentration of medium greatly affect the growth and production of amylase in bacillacea (11). Starch and protein are considered for the increase of amylase produced by bacteria (1,3,12), while Ca ,Cu, Ni, Zn, K, Na and nitrogen salts are known to have an effect on amylase production and growth of the organisms (11,13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects on Extracellular and Membrane in Amylase Production of the Tetradentate Schiff Base, its MN(II), NI(II), CU(II) and ZN(II) Complexes and Metal Ions inBacillus Subtilis

Otludil

Demir

Tolan

et al. 2005

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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Bacillus subtilis was grown in mediums containing various schiff base (N,N'-Bis(salicylidene)-1,4-diaminobutane) that include transition metal complexes and metal ions. The effects of these substances on the production of secreted amylase, membrane bound amylase as well as the transport of amylase and bacterial growth were investigated. The results revelaed that the synthesis rate of amylase isolated from bacterial membranes was stimulated by growth mediums separately contains Mn(II) and Zn(II)complexes. In addition, Zn(II) complexes increased the transport amylase through the membrane, while Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes inhibited it.

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Effect of Starch Induced Bacterial Growth and Amylase Production in Bacillus subtilis

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Salivary and Gut Microbiomes Play a Significant Role in in Vitro Oral Bioaccessibility, Biotransformation, and Intestinal Absorption of Arsenic from Food

Salivary and Gut Microbiomes Play a Significant Role in in Vitro Oral Bioaccessibility, Biotransformation, and Intestinal Absorption of Arsenic from Food

Production and partial purification of α-amylase from Pseudomonas sp. 2 under solid-state fermentation

The Effects on Extracellular and Membrane in Amylase Production of the Tetradentate Schiff Base, its MN(II), NI(II), CU(II) and ZN(II) Complexes and Metal Ions inBacillus Subtilis

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