Effect of Steam Distillate Extract of a Resistant Rice Variety on Feeding Behavior of Nephotettix virescens (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)

Saxena, R. C.

doi:10.1093/jee/78.3.562

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…These waveforms were named S, R, Xc, Xi, N, and W ( Figure 1), according to their associated major behavioral activity or plant tissue, and following the naming conventions in earlier leafhopper EPG work, such as Khan & Saxena (1985), Rapusas & Heinrichs (1990), and Backus et al (2005). These waveforms were named S, R, Xc, Xi, N, and W ( Figure 1), according to their associated major behavioral activity or plant tissue, and following the naming conventions in earlier leafhopper EPG work, such as Khan & Saxena (1985), Rapusas & Heinrichs (1990), and Backus et al (2005).…”

Section: Electrical Penetration Graph Waveformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of electrical penetration graphs of Bucephalogonia xanthophis, a vector of Xylella fastidiosa in citrus

Miranda

Fereres

Appezzato‐da‐Glória

et al. 2008

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The sharpshooter Bucephalogonia xanthophis (Berg) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) is a vector of the xylemlimited bacterium, Xylella fastidiosa (Wells, Raju, Hung, Weisburg, Mandelco-Paul, and Brenner), which causes citrus variegated chlorosis. Despite the importance of citrus variegated chlorosis, the probing behavior of vectors on citrus and its implications for transmission of X. fastidiosa have not been studied. Here we studied electrical penetration graph (EPG-DC system) waveforms produced by B. xanthophis on Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck (Rutaceae), and their relationships with stylet activities and xylem ingestion. Electrical penetration graph waveforms were described based on amplitude, frequency, voltage level, and electrical origin of the observed traces during stylet penetration on plant tissues. The main waveforms were correlated with histological observations of salivary sheaths in plant tissues and excretion analysis, in order to determine stylet activities and their precise position. Six waveforms and associated activities are described: (S) secretion of salivary sheath and intracellular stylet pathway, (R) resting during stylet pathway, (Xc) contact of stylets with xylem vessels, (Xi) active xylem ingestion, (N) interruption within the xylem phase (during Xc or Xi), and (W) withdrawal of stylet from the plant. The sharpshooter spent 91.8% of its probing time with its stylet in the xylem, where the main activity was ingestion (Xi: 97.5%). During a probe, the most likely sequence of events is secretion of salivary sheath and pathway (S) through epidermal and parenchyma cells (all individuals), followed by contact with xylem (Xc) (67.6% of all individuals) and ingestion (Xi) (88.3% of those that exhibit waveform Xc). The mean time to contact the xylem (Xc) and initiate ingestion (Xi) after onset of the first probe was 27.8 and 34.2 min, respectively. However, sustained xylem ingestion (Xi > 5 min) was established after 39.8 min, on average. This information is basic for future studies on the transmission mechanisms of X. fastidiosa and in order to establish control strategies aimed at interfering with this process.

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Section: Electrical Penetration Graph Waveformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of electrical penetration graphs of Bucephalogonia xanthophis, a vector of Xylella fastidiosa in citrus

Miranda

Fereres

Appezzato‐da‐Glória

et al. 2008

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Plant volatiles also contribute to rice resistance to the leafhopper Nephotettix virescens (44). When volatiles from a resistant rice cultivar were applied to a susceptible cultivar, leafhopper feeding was disrupted.…”

Section: Allelochemicals Involved In Plant-insect Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terpenoids as Models for New Agrochemicals

Elakovich

1988

ACS Symposium Series

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This chapter examines the evidence that some terpenoids serve as plant growth regulators (allelochemicals) as well as anti-herbivore agents. The plant origin and bioassay method of terpenoid allelopathic agents is explored. The role these same compounds play in plant-insect communication due to volatiles, and their involvement as insect pheromones is discussed. The agrochemical possibilities are far-reaching.Terpenes and terpenoids are ubiquitous in the higher plant kingdom. Although the role of these compounds is still being debated, considerable evidence is accumulating that they have functions both as allelopathic agents and as anti-herbivore agents. As such, they possess the potential of being incorporated via genetic engineering methods into selected crop plants in order to both provide a defensive allelochemical edge over other plants, and also to minimize crop damage by insects. Many secondary compounds implicated in allelopathic interactions have also been reported to be involved in other protective or defensive roles for the plant (1). It is likely that many secondary compounds have more than one role in nature. This chapter will explore the role of terpenoids first as allelopathic agents--potential models for new herbicides--and then as important agents in plant-insect interactions. Allelopathic AgentsIn his classical paper titled "The Influence of One Plant on Another--Allelopathy", Hans Molisch in 1937 coined the term allelopathy to refer to biochemical interactions among all types of plants including microorganisms (2.). Rice, in the second edition of his comprehensive monograph Allelopathy supports this early definition which includes both inhibitory and stimulatory interactions (3). Not surprisingly, the most commonly identified allelopathic compounds produced by higher plants are simple phenols 0097-6156/88/0380-0250$06.00/0

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“…This is supported by Khan and Saxena (1985b) who showed that N. virescens fed primarily from the phloem of susceptible variety TN 1 but switched to the xylem on resistant varieties. In addition, the insects feeding behaviour on TN 1 plants could be disrupted by spraying the plant by steam distillate extract of resistant ASD 7 (Khan and Saxena 1985a). Further, it is evident that resistant varieties can be effectively used to suppress pest buildup in pest management programmes.…”

Section: Feeding Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature of resistance in selected rice varieties and population fluctuation of green leafhoppers,Nephotettix virescens (Distant) andNephotettix nigropictus (Stål)

Viswanathan

Kalode

1987

Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Anim. Sci.)

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In multiple 'Choice tests with 30-day-old plants of resistant and, susceptible varieties. both the species of green leafhoppers, N ephotettix »irescens (Distant) and N ephotettlx niqropictus (Stal) exhibited relative non-preference to highly resistant varieties (Ptb 2, Ptb 7 and Ptb 18) both for settling and oviposition. Even when 100 first instar nymphs were caged on individual 25-day-old plants of highly resistant varieties, the plants suffered very low damage and also induced high mortality of nymphs. Different ages of the plants had no influence on the antibiosis mechanism of resistant varieties. Feeding behaviour studies revealed that both the species made more punctures and excreted less honeydew while feeding on resistant varieties than on susceptible ones. Histological studies indicated no mechanical barrier for feeding in resistant varieties.. Field investigations indicated that resistant varieties viz Ptb 18, Ptb 2 and Ptb 7 harboured less population of green leafhoppers and had relatively nil or very low incidence of tungro virus disease. An year round survey in the rice ecosystem and marshy habitat where Leersia hexandra grows in abundance revealed that although both the species coexisted in rice fields, Nephotettix niqropictus alone was present in the marshy habitat.

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Effect of Steam Distillate Extract of a Resistant Rice Variety on Feeding Behavior of Nephotettix virescens (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)

Cited by 24 publications

References 8 publications

Characterization of electrical penetration graphs of Bucephalogonia xanthophis, a vector of Xylella fastidiosa in citrus

Characterization of electrical penetration graphs of Bucephalogonia xanthophis, a vector of Xylella fastidiosa in citrus

Terpenoids as Models for New Agrochemicals

Nature of resistance in selected rice varieties and population fluctuation of green leafhoppers,Nephotettix virescens (Distant) andNephotettix nigropictus (Stål)

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