Effect of Strength Training on Oxidative Stress and the Correlation of the Same with Forearm Vasodilatation and Blood Pressure of Hypertensive Elderly Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of strength training on oxidative stress and the correlation of the same with forearm vasodilatation and mean blood pressure of hypertensive elderly women, at rest (basal) and during a static handgrip exercise. Insufficiently active hypertensive elderly women (N = 25; mean age = 66.1 years) were randomized into a 10 week strength training group (n = 13) or control (n = 12) group. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), plasma nitrite (NO2-), forearm blood flow (FBF), mean blood pressure (MBP) and vascular conductance ([FBF / MBP] x 100) were evaluated before and after the completion of the interventions. The strength training group increased the TAC (pre: Median = 39.0; Interquartile range = 34.0–41.5% vs post: Median = 44.0; Interquartile range = 38.0–51.5%; p = 0.006) and reduced the MDA (pre: 4.94 ± 1.10 μM vs post: 3.90 ± 1.35 μM; p = 0.025; CI-95%: -1.92 –-0.16 μM). The strength training group increased basal vascular conductance (VC) (pre: 3.56 ±0.88 units vs post: 5.21 ±1.28 units; p = 0.001; CI-95%: 0.93–2.38 units) and decreased basal MBP (pre: 93.1 ±6.3 mmHg vs post: 88.9 ±5.4 mmHg; p = 0.035; CI-95%: -8.0 –-0.4 mmHg). Such changes were also observed during static handgrip exercise. A moderate correlation was observed between changes in basal VC and MBP with changes in NO2- (ΔVC → r = -0.56, p = 0.047; ΔMBP → r = -0.41, p = 0.168) and MDA (ΔVC → r = 0.64, p = 0.019; ΔMBP → r = 0.31, p = 0.305). The strength training program reduced the oxidative stress of the hypertensive elderly women and this reduction was moderately correlated with their cardiovascular benefits.Trial Registration: ensaiosclinicos.gov.br RBR-48c29w

The chronic effects of muscle-resistance training in arterial pressure of hypertensive older adults: a meta-analysis

“…Table 4 shows the risk of bias evaluated with Cochrane Scale. Two studies presented high risk [27,29]; two presented uncertain risk [28,30]; and one presented low risk of bias [10]. Most of the studies failed to comply with the domains "randomization" and "allocation concealment."…”

“…Several studies, including meta-analyses, have investigated the effects of physical exercise on the reduction of blood pressure in normotensive and hypertensive individuals of different age groups [6][7][8][9]. Cardiorespiratory training [CT] is known to increase the maximal oxygen consumption in older adults [10], maintain resistance to oxidative stress and improve lifestyle [11] with its effects on blood pressure, which is well established in the literature. CT is therefore suggested as a complementary treatment for hypertension [12].…”

Research Progress of Oxidative Stress and MicroRNAs in the Prevention of Catheter-Related Thrombus Under Resistance Exercise

“…The role of ROS in exercise is of considerable interest to researchers. 47 High levels of MDA are used as markers of OS during acute exercise, and exercise-induced apoptosis is a regulatory process designed to eliminate damaged cells without producing a significant inflammatory response, thus ensuring optimal body function. 48 Malondialdehyde production has been reported to decrease after regular resistance exercise training.…”

The Effects of Combined Training on OxidativeStress and Antioxidant Defense Indicators

“…6 Dantas et al showed a reduction in MDA and an increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) after strength training among elderly women. 7 In another study Pedersen et al indicated that daily taking of methylsulfonylmethane supplement for 10 days can reduce muscle damage by affecting TAC in healthy men. 8 The biological effects of oxidizing compounds in the body are controlled by antioxidant factors.…”