Effect of Supplementation with Dietary Seal Oil on Selected Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Hemostatic Variables in Healthy Male Subjects

Conquer, Julie; Cheryk, Lynn A.; Chan, Ed; Gentry, Patricia A.; Holub, Bruce J.

doi:10.1016/s0049-3848(99)00106-1

Cited by 67 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The seal oil 1g LC n-3 PUFA per day supplementation for 6 weeks resulted in 14% reduction in plasma triglyceride which was also less than 21% reduction previously reported (12), however another seal oil study showed no significant lowering of plasma triglycerides (13). Both Bonefeld-Jorgensen et al (12) and Conquer et al (13) were conducted in healthy people with normal plasma triglyceride levels which could explain the lack of effect in the latter study. The Bonefeld-Jorgensen et al study (12) was not a placebo controlled study and the reductions in plasma triglyceride seen could have been due to other factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…There have been limited trials assessing the effect of seal oil supplementation on cardiovascular disease risk factors. One study showed a significant reduction in plasma triglycerides after seal oil supplementation for 6 weeks in healthy people (12), whilst another similar study showed no significant lowering of plasma triglycerides (13). However these studies were conducted in people with normal plasma triglyceride levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Seal Oil to Tuna Oil on Plasma Lipid Levels and Blood Pressure in Hypertriglyceridaemic Subjects

Meyer

Lane

Mann

2009

Lipids

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Comparison of seal oil to tuna oil on plasma lipid levels and blood pressure in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects AbstractAs meat is a rich source of the omega-3 fatty acid docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and Australians consume six times more meat than fish, investigation of the potential health benefit of DPA is warranted. The aims were to compare the effects of seal oil supplementation with fish oil, on measures of plasma lipids and blood pressure in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects. Forty-eight volunteers were recruited from the Wollongong community and were randomly allocated to one of three groups either receiving 1 g/day of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) using one of three oils: seal oil capsules (340 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 230 mg DPA, 450 mg DHA), fish oil capsules (210 mg EPA, 30 mg DPA, 810 mg DHA) or placebo capsules (containing sunola oil) for 6 weeks. Plasma triglycerides remained unchanged in the placebo group, whilst reductions of 7 and 14% (P\0.05) were seen in the fish oil and seal oil groups respectively. Systolic blood pressure improved by 8 and 5 mmHg with seal oil and fish oil respectively (P\0.05). The mean arterial pressure was significantly lower after seal oil supplementation (P\0.005) compared with the placebo group. These results indicate that seal oil is as effective as fish oil in lowering plasma triglycerides and blood pressure. AbstractAs meat is a rich source of the omega-3 fatty acid docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and Australians consume 6 times more meat than fish, investigation of the potential health benefit of DPA is warranted. The aims were to compare the effects of seal oil supplementation with fish oil, on measures of plasma lipids and blood pressure in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects. Forty-eight volunteers were recruited from the Wollongong community and were randomly allocated to one of three groups receiving 1g/d of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) using one of three oils: seal oil capsules (340mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 230mg DPA, 450mg DHA), fish oil capsules (210mg EPA, 30mg DPA, 810mg DHA) or placebo capsules (containing sunola oil) for 6 weeks. Plasma triglycerides remained unchanged in the placebo group, whilst reductions of 7% and 14% (p<0.05) were seen in the fish oil and seal oil groups respectively. Systolic blood pressure improved by 8 and 5 mmHg with seal oil and fish oil respectively (p<0.05).The mean arterial pressure was significantly lower after seal oil supplementation (p<0.005) compared with the placebo group. These results indicate that seal oil is as effective as fish oil in lowering plasma triglycerides and blood pressure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Seal Oil to Tuna Oil on Plasma Lipid Levels and Blood Pressure in Hypertriglyceridaemic Subjects

Meyer

Lane

Mann

2009

Lipids

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“…A large prospective study in healthy males found that serum levels of EPA were not associated with reduced risk of acute coronary events, whereas subjects with the highest levels of combined DHA and DPA were at reduced risk compared to those with the lowest levels [28]. Supplementary seal oil, relatively rich (compared with fish oil) in DPA, has been found to induce an increase in the LC n-3 PUFA status of serum phospholipids in normal men, with the suggestion of a favourable shift in the balance of plasma pro-coagulant and anticoagulant activity [29]. LC n-3 PUFA have also shown anti-inflammatory effects in many experimental models as well as in clinical conditions of inflammation [10], and evidence for the specific benefits of seal oil in such cases has been mainly positive [30,31], although not always significant [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Seal Oil and Tuna‐Fish Oil on Platelet Parameters and Plasma Lipid Levels in Healthy Subjects

Mann

O’Connell

Baldwin

et al. 2010

Lipids

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Fish are a rich source of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), two long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) with cardiovascular benefits. A related but less-investigated LC n-3 PUFA, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), is more common in seal oil and pasture-fed red meats. This study compared indicators of platelet function and plasma lipids in healthy volunteers given supplements containing these different fatty acids (FA) for 14 days. Subjects, randomised into three groups of ten, consumed capsules of tuna oil (210 mg EPA, 30 mg DPA, 810 mg DHA), seal oil (340 mg EPA, 230 mg DPA, 450 mg DHA) or placebo (sunola) oil. Supplementary LC n-3 PUFA levels were approximately 1 g/day in both fish and seal oil groups. Baseline dietary FA and other nutrient intakes were similar in all groups. Both fish and seal oil elevated platelet DHA levels (P < 0.01). Seal oil also raised platelet DPA and EPA levels (P < 0.01), and decreased p-selectin (P = 0.01), a platelet activation marker negatively associated with DPA (P = 0.03) and EPA (P < 0.01) but not DHA. Plasma triacylglycerol decreased (P = 0.03) and HDL-cholesterol levels increased (P = 0.01) with seal oil only. Hence, seal oil may be more efficient than fish oil at promoting healthy plasma lipid profiles and lowering thrombotic risk, possibly due to its high DPA as well as EPA content.

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“…Debido al interés comercial que tienen los aceites de orígen marino dada su importancia en la salud humana, la mayoría de los estudios sobre los ácidos grasos en mamíferos marinos se han realizado en la leche, en la capa de grasa y en los aceites procedentes de la capa de grasa subcutánea y/o en algunos órganos tales como riñón, hígado y corazón (Ackman, 1988;1994;Ackman y Eaton, 1988;Conquer et al, 1999;Deutch et al, 2000;Guitart et al, 1999;Grompone et al, 1990;Ochoa-Acuña et al, 1999;Yurkows, 1987). Hasta la fecha no existen antecedentes sobre la composición lipídica del plasma del lobo marino de California, a pesar de la importancia que la grasa tiene en estos animales.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Due to the commercial interest on the oils of marine origin because of its importance for the human health, most of the studies about fatty acids in marine mammals have been done in the milk, in the fat layer and in the oils from the subcutaneous fat layer and/or in some organs such as the kidney, the liver and the heart (Ackman, 1988;1994;Ackman and Eaton, 1988;Conquer et al, 1999;Deutch et al, 2000;Guitart et al, 1999;Grompone et al, 1990;Ochoa-Acuña et al, 1999;Yurkows, 1987). To date, there are not any backgrounds about the lipidic composition of the California sea lion's plasma despite the importance of fat in these animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acids in plasma of California sea lion pups (Zalophus c. californianus) from Los Islotes, Baja California Sur, Mexico

González

Gamboa²,

Romo

2003

Cienc. Mar.

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Nutritious fats include all the lipids ingested as food and are composed mainly of triglycerides mixed with smaller quantities of other lipids. Fatty acids (FA) constitute the part of most nutritious interest in triglycerides. The fatty acid composition was assesed in the blood plasma of California sea lion pups (Zalophus c. californianus) from Los Islotes, Baja California Sur, in the Gulf of California, during 1999. Blood samples were obtained from 35 anesthetized sea lion pups, 21 males (M) and 14 females (F). The plasma was separated by centrifugation and stored with different antioxidants. The FA profile was determined by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (FID). There was a great variation both in presence and quantity of fatty acids http://dx.doi.org/10. 7773/cm.v29i1.137 Ciencias Marinas, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2003 10 IntroducciónLos lobos marinos de California Zalophus c. californianus se encuentran en lo alto de la cadena trófica de los océanos, y tienen en común con los demás mamíferos marinos, la depositación de grasa en la capa de grasa subcutánea. En los pinípedos, hasta un 85% del total de los lípidos se encuentran almacenados en esta capa de grasa que además funciona como órgano termorregulador, reserva energética y órgano que confiere flotabilidad al animal (Riedman, 1990).Debido a esto, la importancia de la capa de grasa no está en duda si además se considera que tal depósito refleja la integración de los ácidos grasos de los pescados que el animal haya consumido (Ackman, 1994), por lo que se piensa que la composición lipídica del suero y de la capa de grasa subcutánea podrían ser buenos indicadores de la condición corporal de los animales.Sobre este tema se han realizado muy pocos estudios en otras especies o poblaciones de mamíferos marinos, sin embargo, se sabe que la composición lipídica de la capa de grasa está modificada por el tipo y cantidad de las grasas obtenidas a través de la dieta. Esta grasa en la dieta se encuentra en forma de triglicéridos, los cuales están formados por tres ácidos grasos y un glicerol (Ackman, 1988;1994;Grompone et al., 1990). Algunas investigaciones sugieren que el lobo marino de California tiene una dieta muy variada, por lo que se le considera un predador oportunista (Aurioles et al., 1984;Sánchez, 1992;Aurioles-Gamboa et al., 1997;. Sin embargo, otros trabajos indican que esta especie parece preferir principalmente peces que tienden a concentrarse en grandes cardúmenes como anchovetas y sardinas, aunque también pueden incluir algunos cefalópodos, principalmente calamar (Aurioles-Gamboa, 1988;Orta, 1988).Los pinnípedos son uno de los pocos grupos de mamíferos capaces de mantener las demandas energéticas durante la lactancia por completo mientras ayunan, gracias a sus reservas corporales de nutrimentos. La producción y calidad de la leche de las madres durante la lactancia influye sobre el porcentaje y patrón de crecimiento de la cría (Mellish et al., 1999). La lactación es un proceso muy costoso en todas las especies, por lo

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Effect of Supplementation with Dietary Seal Oil on Selected Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Hemostatic Variables in Healthy Male Subjects

Cited by 67 publications

References 50 publications

Comparison of Seal Oil to Tuna Oil on Plasma Lipid Levels and Blood Pressure in Hypertriglyceridaemic Subjects

Comparison of Seal Oil to Tuna Oil on Plasma Lipid Levels and Blood Pressure in Hypertriglyceridaemic Subjects

Effects of Seal Oil and Tuna‐Fish Oil on Platelet Parameters and Plasma Lipid Levels in Healthy Subjects

Fatty acids in plasma of California sea lion pups (Zalophus c. californianus) from Los Islotes, Baja California Sur, Mexico

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