Effect of surface stabilization of nanoparticles on luminescent characteristics in ZnO/poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) nanohybrid films

Hung, Chin-Hsien; Whang, Wha–Tzong

doi:10.1039/b405497k

Cited by 139 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…ZnO is not only an important semiconductor material but also serves widely as catalyst for chemical reactions, photocatalysts, photoelectric conversion, and photoluminescent materials [21][22][23][24]. However, the easily congregated property of ZnO nanoparticles weakens the quantum size effect and results in the instability macroscopically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ZnO/PS core–shell hybrid microspheres prepared with miniemulsion polymerization

Zhang

Gao

Zhang

et al. 2006

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ZnO/PS core–shell hybrid microspheres prepared with miniemulsion polymerization

Zhang

Gao

Zhang

et al. 2006

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…6À9 Following this approach, material scientists have sought to develop novel composites using many polymer/nanoparticle composite systems. 10À15 Some examples are ZnO/ PMMA, 16,17 ZnO/poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate), 18 Al 2 O 3 / polycarbonate, 19 TiO 2 /poly(vinyl alcohol), 20 CdS/PS, 10 CdS/ PMMA, 21 ZrO 2 /PMMA, 22 CdTe/PS, 23 and BaTiO 3 /polyimide. 24 However, the refractive indices (RIs) of polymers and inorganic particles are usually different.…”

Section: ' Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Transparent Nanocomposites Based on Polystyrene Matrix and PMMA-Grafted CeO₂ Nanoparticles

Parlak

Demir

2011

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The association of transparent polymer and nanosized pigment particles offers attractive optical materials for various potential and existing applications. However, the particles embedded into polymers scatter light due to refractive index (RI) mismatch and reduce transparency of the resulting composite material. In this study, optical composites based on polystyrene (PS) matrix and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-grafted CeO2 hybrid particles were prepared. CeO2 nanoparticles with an average diameter of 18 ± 8 nm were precipitated by treating Ce(NO3)·6H2O with urea in the presence of a polymerizable surfactant, 3-methacyloxypropyltrimethoxy silane. PMMA chains were grafted on the surface of the nanoparticles upon free radical in situ solution polymerization. While blending of unmodified CeO2 particles with PS resulted in opaque films, the transparency of the composite films was remarkably enhanced when prepared by PMMA-grafted CeO2 hybrid particles, particularly those having a PMMA thickness of 9 nm. The improvement in transparency is presumably due to the reduction in RI mismatch between CeO2 particles and the PS matrix when using PMMA chains at the interface.

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“…The blending of ZnO nanoparticles with PMMA is believed to improve the optical properties of the polymer. 18 However, refractive index mismatch (the difference between refractive index of ZnO and that of PMMA) may cause strong optical scattering which diminishes the transparency of the composites. The mismatch is tolerable when the particle size is much smaller than the wavelength of the incident light (for spherical particles 2r < λ/10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Properties of Composites of PMMA and Surface-Modified Zincite Nanoparticles

et al. 2007

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Composites that show visible light transmittance, UV absorption, and moderately high refractive index, based on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and zinc oxide (zincite, ZnO) nanoparticles, were prepared in two steps. First, surface-modified ZnO nanoparticles with 22 nm average diameter were nucleated by controlled precipitation via acid-catalyzed esterification of zinc acetate dihydrate with pentan-1-ol. The surface of growing crystalline particles was modified with tert-butylphosphonic acid (tBuPO 3 H 2 ) in situ by monolayer coverage. Particle size and graft density of -PO 3 H 2 on the particle surface were controlled by the amount of surfactant applied to the reaction solution. Second, the surface-modified particles were incorporated into PMMA by in-situ bulk polymerization. Free radical polymerization was carried out in the presence of these particles using AIBN as initiator. Volume fraction (φ) of the particles was varied from 0.10 to 7.76% (0.5 to 30 wt %). Although the particles are homogeneously dispersed in monomer, segregation of the individual particles upon polymerization was observed. Optical constants of the films ca. 2.0 µm including absorption and scattering efficiencies, indices of refraction, and dispersion constants were determined. The absorption coefficient at 350 nm increases linearly with ZnO, obeying Beer's law at low particle contents. However, it levels off toward a value of about 5000 cm -1 and shows a negative deviation at high concentrations because of aggregation of the individual particles. Waveguide propagation loss coefficients of the composite films were examined by prism coupling. A steep increase of the loss coefficient was found with a slope of 52 dB cm -1 vol % -1 as the volume fraction of the particle increases. The refractive index of the composites depends linearly on volume fraction of ZnO and varies from 1.487 to 1.507 (φ ) 7.76%) at 633 nm. The dispersion of refractive index was found to be consistent with Cauchy's formula. IntroductionThe development of polymer-based composites which exhibit various optical functionalities such as high/low refractive index, tailored absorption/emission properties, or strong optical nonlinearities attracts great interest because of the potential optoelectronic applications. 1,2 More specifically, it was pointed out that such composite materials could be applied as transparent substrate or flexible functional layers of optoelectronic devices which require high transparency in the visible range of the optical spectrum. 3 Replacing the conventional substrates made up of inorganic glasses by polymer-based materials could provide a number of advantages, as the polymer composites have milder processing conditions and better impact resistance, can be made flexible, and the optical parameters can be tailored. These composites are typically obtained by the incorporation of functional inorganic particles into a transparent polymer matrix. 3 While the polymeric component provides processability, flexibility, and transparency, the inorg...

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Effect of surface stabilization of nanoparticles on luminescent characteristics in ZnO/poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) nanohybrid films

Cited by 139 publications

References 39 publications

ZnO/PS core–shell hybrid microspheres prepared with miniemulsion polymerization

ZnO/PS core–shell hybrid microspheres prepared with miniemulsion polymerization

Toward Transparent Nanocomposites Based on Polystyrene Matrix and PMMA-Grafted CeO₂ Nanoparticles

Optical Properties of Composites of PMMA and Surface-Modified Zincite Nanoparticles

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Effect of surface stabilization of nanoparticles on luminescent characteristics in ZnO/poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) nanohybrid films

Cited by 139 publications

References 39 publications

ZnO/PS core–shell hybrid microspheres prepared with miniemulsion polymerization

ZnO/PS core–shell hybrid microspheres prepared with miniemulsion polymerization

Toward Transparent Nanocomposites Based on Polystyrene Matrix and PMMA-Grafted CeO2 Nanoparticles

Optical Properties of Composites of PMMA and Surface-Modified Zincite Nanoparticles

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Product

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Toward Transparent Nanocomposites Based on Polystyrene Matrix and PMMA-Grafted CeO₂ Nanoparticles