Effect of synbiotic dietary supplementation on survival, growth performance, and digestive enzyme activities of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings

Abstract

Effects of different levels of Biomin® IMBO synbiotic, including Enterococcus faecium (as probiotic), and fructooligosaccharides (as prebiotic) on survival, growth performance, and digestive enzyme activities of common carp fingerlings (Cyprinus carpio) were evaluated. The experiment was carried out in four treatments (each with 3 replicates), including T1 = control with non-synbiotic diet, T2 = 0.5 g/kg synbiotic diet, T3 = 1 g/kg synbiotic diet, and T4 = 1.5 g/kg synbiotic diet. In total 300 fish with an average weight of 10 ± 1 g were distributed in 12 tanks (25 animals per 300 l) and were fed experimental diets over a period of 60 days. The results showed that synbiotic could significantly enhance growth parameters (weight gain, length gain, specific growth rate, percentage weight gain) (P < 0.05), but did not exhibit any effect on survival rate (P > 0.05) compared with the control. An assay of the digestive enzyme activities demonstrated that the trypsin and chymotrypsin activities of synbiotic groups were considerably increased than those in the control (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the levels of α-amylase, lipase, or alkaline phosphatase (P > 0.05). This study indicated that different levels of synbiotic have the capability to enhance probiotic substitution, to improve digestive enzyme activity which leads to digestive system efficiency, and finally to increase growth. It seems that the studied synbiotic could serve as a good diet supplement for common carp cultures.

Effects of Single or Combined Administration of Dietary Synbiotic and Sodium Propionate on Humoral Immunity and Oxidative Defense, Digestive Enzymes and Growth Performances of African Cichlid (Labidochromis lividus) Challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila

“…The elevated digestive enzyme activities have been reported in fish and shellfish fed probiotics, prebiotics and their combination as synbiotics [9,45]. In the present study, the maximum digestive enzymes activity, including protease, α-amylase and lipase, was observed in fish fed diets supplemented with SYN (P. acidilactici + GOS).…”

“…Synbiotics, the combined form of probiotics and prebiotics, provides beneficial effects to the host by improving growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, disease resistance and increasing immune responses of aquatic animals [7][8][9]. The mucosal immunity of angelfish, Pterophyllum scalare, was improved via feeding with Artemia and synbiotics (P. acidilactici and fructooligosaccharide) [10].…”

“…), Gram-negative bacteria (Aeromonas, Pseudomonas and Vibrio sp.) and yeast were investigated extensively in aquafeeds [9,14]. Pediococcus acidilactici is a Gram-positive bacterium, and its beneficial effects have been reported on growth indices of aquaculture species [15][16][17].…”

Synbiotic as Feed Additives Relating to Animal Health and Performance

“…Application of synbiotic treatment combination of probiotic and prebiotic, showed improvement of digestive enzyme activity (lipase, protease and amylase) of Humpback Grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) [105]. Common carp fed dietary synbiotic showed better digestive enzyme activities and significantly higher trypsin and chymotrypsin activities compared with the control treatment [106]. Synbiotic could significantly improve growth parameters (length gain, specific growth rate, percentage weight gain and weight gain) but did not display any effect on survival rate of common carp [106].…”

“…Common carp fed dietary synbiotic showed better digestive enzyme activities and significantly higher trypsin and chymotrypsin activities compared with the control treatment [106]. Synbiotic could significantly improve growth parameters (length gain, specific growth rate, percentage weight gain and weight gain) but did not display any effect on survival rate of common carp [106]. Administration of synbiotic (E. faecalis and MOS/PHB) in rainbow trout for periods not affects the survival rate of fish [21].…”