Effect of taurine supplementation on growth and development in preterm or low birth weight infants

Verner, A; McGuire, William; Craig, J S

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd006072.pub2

Cited by 46 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…It has been suggested that taurine plays a role in intestinal fat absorption, hepatic function and auditory and visual development in pre-term or low-birth weight infants. However, clinical data on long-term effects on neurological development in these infants are lacking (Verner et al, 2007), as is evidence that the addition of taurine to IF has any clinical benefits for term infants.…”

Section: Taurinementioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of infant and follow-on formulae

Products¹

2014

EFSA Journal

280

124

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Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the essential composition of infant and follow-on formula. This opinion reviews the opinion provided by the Scientific Committee on Food in 2003 on the essential requirements of infant and follow-on formulae in light of more recent evidence and by considering the Panel's opinion of October 2013 on nutrient requirements and dietary intakes of infants and young children in the European Union. The minimum content of a nutrient in formula proposed in this opinion is derived from the intake levels the Panel had considered adequate for the majority of infants in the first six months of life in its previous opinion and an average amount of formula consumed during this period. From a nutritional point of view, the minimum contents of nutrients in infant and follow-on formula proposed by the Panel cover the nutritional needs of virtually all healthy infants born at term and there is no need to exceed these amounts in formulae, as nutrients which are not used or stored have to be excreted and this may put a burden on the infant's metabolism. Therefore, the Panel emphasises that maximum amounts should be interpreted not as target values but rather as upper limits of a range which should not be exceeded. There is scientific consensus that breast milk is the preferred food for all healthy infants and provides an adequate supply of all nutrients to support growth and development (with the exception of vitamin K during the first weeks of life and of vitamin D). Whereas the composition of infant formula remains stable over time, breast milk composition changes continuously and therefore infant formula cannot imitate breast milk. © EuropeanAll formulae intended for infants must be safe and suitable to meet the nutritional requirements and promote growth and development of infants born at term when used as a sole source of nutrition during the first months of life, and when used as the principal liquid element in a progressively diversified diet after the introduction of appropriate complementary feeding. Nutrients and substances should be added to formulae for infants only in amounts that serve a nutritional or other benefit. The addition in amounts higher than those serving a benefit or the inclusion of unnecessary substances in formulae may put a burden on the infant's metabolism and/or on other physiological functions, as substances which are not used or stored have to be excreted.The minimum content of a nutrient in formula proposed in this opinion is derived from the intake levels the Panel had considered adequate for the majority of infants in the first half of the first year of life in its previous opinion and an average amount of daily energy intake from formula during this period (500 kcal/day). These minimum amounts should be understood as target values which cover the nutritional needs of virtually all infants born at term for optimal growth and devel...

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Section: Taurinementioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of infant and follow-on formulae

Products¹

2014

EFSA Journal

280

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…As shown in Table 1, taurine is present in some commercial amino acid formulas for use in parenteral nutrition, particularly in formulas designed for infants. Taurine supplementation in enteral nutrition has been studied in premature neonates without any conclusive effect on growth rate, morbidity and mortality, similar to the one trial of taurine added to parenteral nutrition in this setting, according to a Cochrane report [58]. One observational study suggested that taurine supplementation of parenteral nutrition may decrease the occurrence of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in neonates [59], but a small pilot study failed to reproduce this effect in adults requiring long-term parenteral nutrition for short-bowel syndrome [60].…”

Section: Taurinementioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acid composition in parenteral nutrition: what is the evidence?

Yarandi

Zhao

Hebbar

et al. 2011

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

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Purpose of review Complete parenteral nutrition solutions contain mixed amino acid products providing all nine essential amino acids and a varying composition of nonessential amino acids. Relatively little rigorous comparative efficacy research on altered parenteral nutrition amino acid composition has been published in recent years. Recent findings Limited data from randomized, double-blind, adequately powered clinical trials to define optimal doses of total or individual amino acids in parenteral nutrition are available. An exception is the growing number of studies on the efficacy of glutamine supplementation of parenteral nutrition or given as a single parenteral agent. Parenteral glutamine appears to confer benefit in selected patients; however, additional data to define optimal glutamine dosing and the patient subgroups who may most benefit from this amino acid are needed. Although some promising studies have been published, little data are available in the current era of nutrition support on the clinical efficacy of altered doses of arginine, branched chain amino acids, cysteine, or taurine supplementation of parenteral nutrition. Summary Despite routine use of parenteral nutrition, surprisingly little clinical efficacy data are available to guide total or specific amino acid dosing in adult and pediatric patients requiring this therapy. This warrants increased attention by the research community and funding agencies to better define optimal amino acid administration strategies in patient subgroups requiring parenteral nutrition.

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“…), several clinical trials of taurine supplementation have failed to show any positive effect on neurological outcome in LBW infants (Verner et al . ). The trials of postnatal supplementation of taurine that have shown no benefit compared with the positive effects in animal studies of antenatal supplementation may be due to differences in route of administration or sensitivity of the brain at different stages in development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Therapeutic potential to reduce brain injury in growth restricted newborns

Wixey

Chand

Pham

et al. 2018

The Journal of Physiology

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Brain injury in intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) infants is a major contributing factor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Adverse outcomes range from mild learning difficulties, to attention difficulties, neurobehavioral issues, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and other cognitive and psychiatric disorders. While the use of medication to ameliorate neurological deficits in IUGR neonates has been identified as warranting urgent research for several years, few trials have been reported. This review summarises clinical trials focusing on brain protection in the IUGR newborn as well as therapeutic interventions trialled in animal models of IUGR. Therapeutically targeting mechanisms of brain injury in the IUGR neonate is fundamental to improving long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. Inflammation is a key mechanism in neonatal brain injury; and therefore an appealing target. Ibuprofen, an anti-inflammatory drug currently used in the preterm neonate, may be a potential therapeutic candidate to treat brain injury in the IUGR neonate. To better understand the potential of ibuprofen and other therapeutic agents to be neuroprotective in the IUGR neonate, long-term follow-up information of neurodevelopmental outcomes must be studied. Where agents such as ibuprofen are shown to be effective, have a good safety profile and are relatively inexpensive, they can be widely adopted and lead to improved outcomes.

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Effect of taurine supplementation on growth and development in preterm or low birth weight infants

Cited by 46 publications

References 44 publications

Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of infant and follow-on formulae

Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of infant and follow-on formulae

Amino acid composition in parenteral nutrition: what is the evidence?

Therapeutic potential to reduce brain injury in growth restricted newborns

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