Effect of temperature on the electrical properties of ITO in a TiO₂/ITO film

Abstract

Thermal stabilities of indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates and TiO 2 /ITO structures were evaluated in relation to their electrical properties. The ITO substrates and TiO 2 /ITO structures were annealed at 350, 400, and 500 8C. The ITO substrate with large grain size showed higher thermal stability than that with small grain size. The thermal stability of TiO 2 / ITO structure improved with increasing TiO 2 thickness, and a decrease in electron concentration was observed in resistance-increased samples. These changes were attributed to variations in grain-boundary potential caused by oxygen adsorption. It may be concluded that variation of the grain-boundary potential by thermal annealing has a dominant influence on resistance. Therefore, optimization of the grain size is important to improve the thermal stability of ITO. This mechanism and procedure can be applied to improve the characteristics of other TCO materials.

Infrared absorbing nanoparticle impregnated self-heating fabrics for significantly improved moisture management under ambient conditions

“…Similar absorption characteristics of ITO have been previously reported and used in various applications such as energy conversion and storage [16], sensing [17,18], localized surface plasmon resonance [19,20], photovoltaics [21], biomolecular detection [22] as well as textile-based applications [23,24] etc. Figure 1d shows the XRD pattern obtained for ITO nanoparticles, indicating the crystallographic features labelled on the diagram, which are in good agreement with those previously reported in the literature [19,25]. Notably, the additional peak observed at approximately 33°i ndicates the presence of undoped Sn as per previous reports [26,27].…”

Preparation of Cytocompatible ITO Neuroelectrodes with Enhanced Electrochemical Characteristics Using a Facile Anodic Oxidation Process

“…Current research to improve the stability of ITO electrodes has focused on the deposition of multilayers, of novel transport and luminescent materials such as polymers, and on efficient injection contacts . Conversely, it is reported by Nishimoto et al that optimal variations in grain‐boundary potential caused by oxygen adsorption after annealing TiO 2 structures with ITO can improve thermal stability of pristine ITO. Consequently, surface modifications of thin films of ITO such as the anodization process utilized here may help to explain the enhanced stability observed in anodized films, with the formation of stabilizing oxide layers …”

Evaluation of ZnO-MgO Mixed Thin Films Grown by Metal-Organic Decomposition

“…The oxygen vacancy acts as a donor in ZnO [14]. In addition, we previously demonstrated that the electron concentration was decreased by the adsorbed atmospheric component at grain boundaries in other oxide thin film [15]. Therefore, the comparatively high transmittance of the NIR region for the sample sintered in air suggests that oxidation of oxygen vacancies and the electron traps at grain boundaries decreased the electron concentration.…”