Effect of Tempering on the Structure and Coercive Force in the AISI D3 (217H12WF) Ledeburite Chromium Steel

Nykiel, Tadeusz; Hryniewicz, Tadeusz

doi:10.1007/s12666-011-0066-9

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Method of heat treatment, microscopic studies on an optical microscope, the studies of hardness and determination of retained austenite contents by a magnetic method, and carbides by electrolytic extraction method were given in previous publications (Ref [9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Study Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different aspects concerning behavior of M 7 C 3 carbides in steels were considered recently (Ref [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Stacking faults within iron-chromium carbide of the type (Fe,Cr) 7 was to establish what carbides are formed during 2-h tempering of D3 (or 217H12WF) steel hardened after austenitizing at 1050°C throughout 30 min time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transformations of Carbides During Tempering of D3 Tool Steel

Nykiel

Hryniewicz

2014

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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The studies were performed on D3 tool steel hardened after austenitizing at 1050°C during 30 min and tempering at 200-700°C. Based on the diffraction studies performed from the extraction replicas, using electron microscopy, it was found that after 120-min tempering in the consecutive temperatures, the following types of carbides occur:Apart from higher mentioned carbides, there are also big primary carbides and fine secondary M 7 C 3 carbides occurring, which did not dissolve during austenitizing.

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Section: Study Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformations of Carbides During Tempering of D3 Tool Steel

Nykiel

Hryniewicz

2014

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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“…Nykiel et al [11]; studied the effect of tempering on the mechanical properties of AISI D3 steel. Samples were austenized in the range: 1000-1150 °C, then, on tempering, an increase in hardness was observed in the range, 350-600 ° C, arguing this effect is related to the bainitic transformation of RA, in some cases partially in martensite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Multiple Tempering on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Ledeburitic Tool Steel AISI D3

Alza*

2020

IJRTE

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The effects of multiple tempering on the mechanical properties and microstructure of ledeburitic tool steel AISI D3 were investigated. Austenized samples at: 940 °C and 970 °C were used The subsequent tempering was carried out in three stages with the same temperatures: 250-350-450-550 ° C; for 1 hr. The microstructure was revealed at optical (OM) and electronic (SEM) levels and then X-ray diffraction analysis (DRX) was made along with an X-ray scatter spectrometry (EDS) test. It was found that the yield stress (σf), the maximum tensile strength (σr) and ductility (ɛ) decrease with the number of temperings. The microstructures, in the three stages, show primary, massive and small carbides of type M7C3 , and Cr7C3 , accompanied by precipitated fine carbides of the same type, with the presence of the phases: Fe3C, Cr0.03 Fe0.97 and residual austenite (γr ), the latter phase is minimized with the third temper. These precipitates occur at each stage of tempering simultaneously or as the temperature increases. The variation of these properties is closely related to the microstructure obtained.

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“…Sato et al [3,4], Głowacki [5,6], Kowalski [7], and with the additives of tungsten, molybdenum and vanadium by Gulajev and Sanczyk [8], Kałuża [9], Nykiel [10], Hryniewicz and Nykiel [11,12], Nykiel and Hryniewicz [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], Haberling and Schruff [31], Grman et al [32]. It results from the works that the chromium contents in M 7 C 3 carbides occurring in the mentioned steels under annealed state are in the range of about 43 % [3,4] up to 52 % [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of High-Temperature Heating on Chemical Changes in M<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub> Carbides of AISI D2 Tool Steel

Nykiel

Hryniewicz

2014

ILCPA

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The paper presents the study results obtained on 16H12MF/NC11LV/D2 tool steel. The main purpose of the study was to establish the chemical composition of the coarse primary M 7 C 3 carbides occurring in that steel after a standard soft annealing. The effect of high-temperature annealing in the air atmosphere was investigated. The study was limited to the decarburized layer, on the distance of about 0.4 mm from the surface, of hardened steel after annealing and austenitizing at 1150 ºC in the air atmosphere for the periods of 30 and 90 minutes. It was found that the coarse primary M 7 C 3 carbides of the annealed D2 tool steel differ significantly as to the contents of Cr, Mo, and V, and in the most degree to the contents of chromium and molybdenum. The average concentration of chromium rises successively with the growth of austenitizing time. On the other hand, the concentrations of molybdenum and vanadium are lower after 30 minutes of austenitizing than their concentrations in the similar carbides of the annealed steel. Prolongation of the austenitizing time up to 90 minutes results in the increase of molybdenum and vanadium contents in the coarse carbides. It was found that austenitizing of AISI D2 tool steel at the temperature of 1150 ºC in the air atmosphere leads to precipitation of the second phase, brighter in the BSE_Z pictures, in relation to the matrix of carbides, with the amount and magnitude being higher with the annealing time.

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Effect of Tempering on the Structure and Coercive Force in the AISI D3 (217H12WF) Ledeburite Chromium Steel

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Transformations of Carbides During Tempering of D3 Tool Steel

Transformations of Carbides During Tempering of D3 Tool Steel

Effect of Multiple Tempering on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Ledeburitic Tool Steel AISI D3

Effect of High-Temperature Heating on Chemical Changes in M<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub> Carbides of AISI D2 Tool Steel

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