Effect of the cationic starch on removal of Ni and V from crude oils under microwave irradiation

Wang, Shuangcheng; Yang, Jingyi; Xu, Xiang

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2010.11.036

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…There is ample evidence indicating the superiority of microwave heating over the conventional heating schemes for breaking emulsions due to faster separation rate and less energy consumption of the former, which themselves are indebted to high penetration power of microwaves enabling the "volumetric" and "selective" heating of the dispersed phase [9,16,65,119,[237][238][239][240][241]. The advantages of microwave heating technology help it to be applied as a standalone pathway for demulsification of emulsions in petroleum industry, by eliminating or minimizing the consumption of chemical demulsifiers [242,243].…”

Section: Microwave Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The advantages of microwave heating technology help it to be applied as a standalone pathway for demulsification of emulsions in petroleum industry, by eliminating or minimizing the consumption of chemical demulsifiers [242,243]. Microwaves generate electromagnetic waves with wavelength range of 1 mm to 100 cm and frequencies between 300 GHz and 300 MHz, enabling them to deliver far higher reaction productivities than traditional heating methods at a specific temperature or even at lower temperatures in a variety of applications, including inorganic or organic synthesis, food processing, environmental chemistry, analytical chemistry, and polymerization [238,244]. Likewise, while applied for demulsification of W/O emulsions, microwave heating may be employed as a tool to migrate (separate) specific acidic compounds (like naphtenic acids which are severely corrosive for refinery facilities) from crude oil toward the aqueous phase, provided the existing operational variables, particularly temperature, are optimized [239,245].…”

Section: Microwave Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optimization of microwave-induced demulsification of emulsions is typically based on microwave power and time [5,72,238,246,247]. Ordinarily, the higher the microwave irradiation power, the more rapidly the emulsion can break and also the greater the phase separation occurs [65,236].…”

Section: Effectual Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Demulsification techniques of water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions in petroleum industry

Zolfaghari

Fakhru’l‐Razi

Abdullah

et al. 2016

Separation and Purification Technology

555

255

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The difficulties associated with transportation and refining of crude oil emulsions as well as produced water discharge limitations are among the conspicuous clues that have led the oilfield researchers to probe into practical demulsification methods for many decades.Inconsistent research outcomes observed in the literature for a particular demulsification method of a typical emulsion (i.e., water-in-oil or oil-in-water) arise not only from the varied influential parameters associated (such as salinity, temperature, pH, dispersed phase content, emulsifier/demulsifier concentration, droplet size, etc.), but also from the diverse types of emulsion constituents (namely oil, surfactant, salt, alkali, polymer, fine solids, and/or other chemicals/impurities). Being the main component in formation of stabilizing interfacial film surrounding the dispersed phase droplets, surfactant is the most predominant contributor to emulsion stability, extent of which depends on its nature (being ionic or nonionic, and its degree of hydrophilicity/lipophilicity), concentration and interaction with other surface-active agents in the emulsion, as well as on the salinity, temperature, and pH of the system. In this paper, it is endeavored to overview some of the most commonly exploited demulsification techniques (i.e., chemical, biological, membrane, electrical, and microwave irradiation) on both the oilfield and synthetic emulsions, taking into account the emulsion-stabilizing anddestabilizing effects with regard to the dominant parameters plus the emulsion composition.Further, the variations occurring in interfacial properties of emulsions by demulsification process are discussed. Finally, the mechanism(s) involved in emulsions resolution achieved by each method is elucidated. Clearly, the most efficient demulsification approach is the one able to attain desirable separation efficiency while complying with the environmental regulations and imposing the least economic burden on the petroleum industry.

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Section: Microwave Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microwave Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Demulsification techniques of water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions in petroleum industry

Zolfaghari

Fakhru’l‐Razi

Abdullah

et al. 2016

Separation and Purification Technology

555

255

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several methods for metal removal have been published, but they have not been applied at the industrial level. Those methods include extraction with a variety of solvents, adsorption, a variety of chemical methods, and combinations of reaction and adsorption or extraction . Additionally, in an effort to minimize the effect of the metals in the catalyst, the use of metal passivators has been proposed …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ni and V removal from oil and model compounds without hydrogenation: Natural chabazite as solid acid

et al. 2016

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Recently, natural chabazite was identified as a catalyst for a novel thermocatalytic oil upgrading process. To further develop this process, it is essential to understand the chemical reactions involved. In this study, up to 67.5 % vanadium removal from oil sands bitumen is obtained without adding hydrogen. Using model compounds, vanadium removals up to 47.9 % and nickel removals up to 3.4 % were obtained after a 1 h reaction at 400 °C. Nickel removal up to 90.0 % at equilibrium and room temperature was observed. Evidence of free‐base porphyrin formation is presented. It was also found that chabazite can catalyze the dealkylation of octaethylporphyrins. The results presented here allow for a better understanding of the chemical properties of chabazite and open the possibility for the creation of pretreatment processes that can remove metals and modify the structure of petroleum‐derived fractions without using hydrogen or rejecting substantial amounts of usable oil.

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“…However, AA-APEA (2:1) copolymer show a relative high calcium removal efficiency of 95.69 % when the dosage up to 150ppm. The phenomenon that AA-APEA-HEA (2:1:0.5) displayed the best calcium removal efficiency can be ascribed to that AA-APEA-HEA (2:1:0.5) terpolymer contains more amino, carboxylic and ester groups and have synergy between them 20,21. In addition, the decalcification rate does not obviously increase correspondingly when the concentration of AA-APEA-HEA (2:1:0.5) exceeds 100 ppm.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Preparation of a phosphorous-free terpolymer as a decalcifying agent for removing calcium from crude oil

Cai

Zhou

et al. 2016

RSC Adv.

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A novel phosphorous-free terpolymer, used as a decalcifying agent for removing calcium from crude oil, was prepared through free-radical polymerization reaction of acrylic acid (AA), allylpolyethoxy amino carboxylate (APEA), and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) in water with ammonium persulfate as initiator. Structure of the synthesized AA-APEA-HEA terpolymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR). AA-APEA-HEA was used to remove calcium from Luning pipeline crude oil. The effects of several factors, such as molar ratio, dosage and reaction temperature on calcium removal efficiencies from crude oil were evaluated. The results indicated that removal of calcium from crude oil using AA-APEA-HEA was far more efficient than that using AA-APEA, PAA, HPMA and PESA under the same conditions. The optimum conditions for calcium removal from crude oils were as follows: (a) molar ratio of AA-APEA-HEA was 2:1:0.5, (b) dosage of AA-APEA-HEA was 100 ppm, and (c) reaction temperature was 100 ℃. Under these conditions, the removal efficiency of calcium from Luning pipeline crude oils was approximately 98.63 %. Furthermore, the proposed decalcification mechanism suggests the surface complexation and chelation between the functional groups of carboxylic (-COO -) 2 and amino (-NH 2 ) and Ca 2+ , with polyethylene glycol segments increasing its solubility in water and lipophilic ester groups increasing its affinity to oil.

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Effect of the cationic starch on removal of Ni and V from crude oils under microwave irradiation

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Demulsification techniques of water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions in petroleum industry

Demulsification techniques of water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions in petroleum industry

Ni and V removal from oil and model compounds without hydrogenation: Natural chabazite as solid acid

Preparation of a phosphorous-free terpolymer as a decalcifying agent for removing calcium from crude oil

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