Effect of the maleation of lignosulfonate on the mechanical and thermal properties of lignosulfonate/poly(ε‐caprolactone) blends

Wang, Fei; Yang, Xuping; Zou, Yangxue

doi:10.1002/app.42925

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Esterified lignin applied in BPP composites has been studied the most in recent years. Lignin can be esterified by acid anhydride (maleic anhydride and butyric anhydride), ,− ester (methyl oleate), acyl chloride (10-undecenoyl chloride, oleoyl chloride, and dodecanoyl chloride fatty acid) , and successfully incorporated in PBAT, PLA, PBS, and PCL, respectively. Acid anhydride is the most common reagent to replace the hydroxyl group of lignin in solution, and esterified lignin performs with better miscibility with polyester.…”

Section: Chemical Modification Of Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Lignin Valorization in Biodegradable Polyester-Based Plastics (BPPs)

Zhou

Wang

Xiong

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Synthetic plastics have been reshaping the planet since the early 20th century. They have brought plenty of conveniences to our lives; meanwhile, plastic wastes discarded into the environment are resistant to biodegradation, accumulating in soil, water, and even in organisms. Biodegradable polyester-based plastics (BPPs), such as polylactic acid (PLA), poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), polycaprolactone (PCL), and poly(β-hydroxybutyric acid) (PHB) are considered to be ecofriendly and sustainable alternatives and have thrived rapidly in the past few decades. However, the applications of BPPs have been limited by their high prices compared to conventional plastics, while blending with lowcost fillers has been deemed to be a facile and efficient solution to the foregoing issues. Technical lignin, a class of biodegradable aromatic polymers, has been extracted/isolated at a large scale as a coproduct in the conventional paper-making and the emerging lignocellulosic biorefinery industries. The economically competitive BPP composites reinforced by coproduct lignin could not only facilitate the lignin valorization but also improve the economic viability of the lignocellulosic biorefinery. At present, the key obstacle lies in the incompatibility between lignin and BPPs resulting from self-aggregation and thermal condensation of lignin due to its polyhydroxy aromatic structures. Herein, we overviewed a series of effective approaches to promote the interaction between lignin and BPPs by adding plasticizers and blocking the hydroxyl groups. Furthermore, lignin can act as functional fillers endowing lignin/BPP composites favorable versatilities and expanding their applications in the fields of flame retardant packaging, food packaging, medical materials, outside packaging, and mulching films. In the end, we review the developments of lignin/BPP blending composites in the future and propose current problems that need to be solved.

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Section: Chemical Modification Of Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Lignin Valorization in Biodegradable Polyester-Based Plastics (BPPs)

Zhou

Wang

Xiong

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…The authors also observed an increase in the blend rigidity resulting in higher Young’s modulus values for blends with 30–50 wt% of calcium lignosulfonate when compared with PBS. Wang et al (2016) used maleated lignosulfonate (MLS) produced by esterification with maleic anhydride and unmodified lignosulfonate incorporated into poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) via melt-blending [ 16 ]. The authors also observed an enhancement in the mechanical properties of the blends in comparison with PCL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Morphological, Physical, Thermal, and Thermal Conductivity Properties of Polypropylene/Lignosulfonate Blends

et al. 2021

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Lignosulfonate is a cheap material available in large quantities obtained as a byproduct of paper and cellulose. In this work, blends of polypropylene (PP) and sodium lignosulfonate (LGNa) were developed to evaluate the potential use of lignosulfonate as a lightweight, thermal insulation and flame retardant material. The blends were obtained by mixing in a torque rheometer and molded after compression. The blend proprieties were evaluated by physical, morphological, thermal, thermal conductivity, and flammability tests. The measured values were compared with theoretical models. The results indicated that a heterogeneous blend with a higher number of separated domains is formed when the LGNa content increases from 10 to 40 wt%. In addition, the density and thermal conductivity coefficient of the blends studied are not affected by the addition of LGNa. However, when the LGNa content in the blend exceeds 20 wt% the thermal stability and flame retardant proprieties are considerably reduced. The theoretical models based on the rule of mixtures showed a good agreement with the experimental values obtained from blend density, thermal conductivity, and thermal stability. In general, lignosulfonate tested in this work shows potential to be used as a reactive component in polymer blends.

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Fully biobased poly(lactic acid)/lignin composites compatibilized by epoxidized natural rubber

Weng

Zeng

et al. 2023

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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Effect of the maleation of lignosulfonate on the mechanical and thermal properties of lignosulfonate/poly(ε‐caprolactone) blends

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Technical Lignin Valorization in Biodegradable Polyester-Based Plastics (BPPs)

Technical Lignin Valorization in Biodegradable Polyester-Based Plastics (BPPs)

Assessment of Morphological, Physical, Thermal, and Thermal Conductivity Properties of Polypropylene/Lignosulfonate Blends

Fully biobased poly(lactic acid)/lignin composites compatibilized by epoxidized natural rubber

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