Effect of the Pandemic and Lockdown on Mental Health of Children

Thakur, Kalpna; Kumar, Naveen; Sharma, NovRattan

doi:10.1007/s12098-020-03308-w

Cited by 52 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Several articles expressed concerns about food nutrition and physical activity for children and adolescents. Different articles argued that schools are the primary source of consistent daily caloric intake and addressed concerns about children's nutritional needs [ 2 , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The school has emerged in studies as a structure able to keep routine habits including nutrition [ 2 , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , 26 ], daily activities [ [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] ] and even avoiding mortality [ 65 ]. It should be mentioned that teaching academic knowledge for children and adolescents seems to be a successful measure in keeping health professionals working and in avoiding unnecessary deaths [ 65 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

How is COVID-19 pandemic impacting mental health of children and adolescents?

Miranda

Athanasio

Oliveira

et al. 2020

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction

623

489

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The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) affected virtually all countries. Uncertain about the health risk and an increasing financial loss will contribute to widespread emotional distress and an increased risk of psychiatric disorders shortly. Posttraumatic, anxiety, and depression disorders are expected during and aftermath of the pandemic. Some groups, like children, have more susceptibility to having long term consequences in mental health. Herein, we made a comprehensive and non-systematic search in four databases (PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, and Google Scholars) to answer the question: What are children's and adolescents' mental health effects of the pandemic? Furthermore, which features are essential for mental health in a pandemic? Results: Seventy-seven articles were selected for full text read, and 51 were included. Children answer stress differently, depending on the development stage. High rates of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic symptoms were identified among children. Discussion: Symptoms were as expected. New supportive strategies have appeared during this pandemic, but there is no measure of its effectiveness. Some groups seem to be more vulnerable to the mental health burden of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the mitigation actions should prioritize them. The school's role appears to be revalued by society. This review seems to pick good targets to prioritize mitigation actions aiming to spare children not only from the severe cases of COVID-19 but also to help them to deal with the mental health burden of the pandemics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How is COVID-19 pandemic impacting mental health of children and adolescents?

Miranda

Athanasio

Oliveira

et al. 2020

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction

623

489

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition to a decline in the physical health of individuals due to ingestion of improper food, the effect of quarantine in deteriorating the mental health, especially in children, was also observed [53]. Herein, we would like to point out that such a condition may be avoided if the person is accustomed to healthy diet or diet supplemented with healthy microbes such as probiotics [54,55].…”

Section: Effect Of Microbiota On Covid-19 Cases During Lockdownmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet, Gut Microbiota and COVID-19

et al. 2020

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Worldwide, millions of individuals have been affected by the prevailing SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, a robust immune system remains indispensable, as an immunocompromised host status has proven to be fatal. In the absence of any specific antiviral drug/vaccine, COVID-19 related drug repurposing along with various other nonpharmacological measures coupled with lockdown have been employed to combat this infection. In this context, a plant based rich fiber diet, which happens to be consumed by a majority of the Indian population, appears to be advantageous, as it replenishes the host gut microbiota with beneficial microbes thereby leading to a symbiotic association conferring various health benefits to the host including enhanced immunity. Further, implementation of the lockdown which has proven to be a good non-pharmacological measure, seems to have resulted in consumption of home cooked healthy diet, thereby enriching the beneficial microflora in the gut, which might have resulted in better prognosis of COVID-19 patients in India in comparison to that observed in the western countries.

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“…This stress is not only related to a fear of contracting the disease but also to significant and rapid changes to lifestyle and work [ 11 ]. As already demonstrated, all of these factors can be so profoundly affecting that a relevant percentage of individuals are put at risk of less or more severe mental health issues [ 12 ], including children and their parents [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Moreover, one study in adults has already reported that the introduction of the pandemic caused anxiety in 25% of dental patients [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children’s Dental Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Polish Experience

Olszewska

Rzymski

2020

JCM

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Dental fear and anxiety is a significant issue that affects pediatric patients and creates challenges in oral health management. Considering that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, along with its associated sanitary regime, social distancing measures and nationwide quarantines, could itself induce public fears, including in children, it is of great interest to explore whether this situation and the necessity of reorganizing dental care could potentially affect the emotional state of pediatric patients facing a need for urgent dental intervention. The present study assessed the emotional state of children ≤ seven years old (n = 25) requiring dental healthcare during a nationwide quarantine in Poland, as well as the anxiety levels of their caregivers. The Faces Anxiety Scale was adopted, and the evaluation was independently performed by the dentist, caregivers and children themselves. The level of anxiety in caregivers was also measured. As demonstrated, children requiring dental intervention during the nationwide quarantine did not reveal a significantly higher anxiety level as compared to the age- and indication-matched pre-pandemic control group (n = 20), regardless of whether their emotional state was evaluated by the dentist, caregivers, or by themselves. However, the share of children scoring the lowest anxiety level in all assessments was smaller in the pandemic group. Boys in the pandemic group had a higher anxiety level, as indicated by a caregiver assessment, and displayed a negative correlation with age in all three types of evaluation. Moreover, caregiver anxiety levels were higher in the pandemic group as compared to the pre-pandemic subset and revealed stronger correlations with the dental anxiety in children. The results suggest that the reorganization of oral healthcare under the pandemic scenario did not have a profound effect on children’s dental anxiety. Nevertheless, findings in young boys highlight that they may be more vulnerable and require special care to mitigate their anxiety and decrease the risk of dentophobia in the future—these observations must be, however, treated with caution due to the small sample size and require further confirmation. Moreover, it is important to reassure caregivers of the safety of the dental visit during the pandemic to minimize the effect of their own anxiety on dental fears in children.

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Effect of the Pandemic and Lockdown on Mental Health of Children

Cited by 52 publications

References 4 publications

How is COVID-19 pandemic impacting mental health of children and adolescents?

How is COVID-19 pandemic impacting mental health of children and adolescents?

Diet, Gut Microbiota and COVID-19

Children’s Dental Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Polish Experience

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