Effect of the particle size on the viscoelastic properties of filled polyethylene

Osman, Maged A.; Atallah, Ayman

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2006.01.085

Cited by 122 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…A similar phenomenon is observed in sparsely branched polymers and bidisperse polymer blends, [24][25][26] crosslinked polymer networks containing unattached chains, 27-29 and particle-reinforced polymers. [30][31][32] This ambiguity in the results of Tsagaropoulos and Eisenberg 11,12 illustrates the caution required when interpreting viscoelastic data in terms of the effect of filler on the glass transition behavior. …”

Section: Dynamic Mechanical Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Glass Transition and Interfacial Segmental Dynamics in Polymer-Particle Composites

Robertson

Roland

2008

Rubber Chemistry and Technology

153

125

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We review the literature concerned with the effect of proximity to a filler surface on the local segmental mobility of polymer chains. This mobility is commonly assessed from either the glass transition temperature, Tg, or the segmental relaxation times measured by mechanical, dielectric, or NMR spectroscopy. Published studies report increases, decreases, or no change in Tg upon the addition of carbon black, silica, and other reinforcing fillers. Similarly, the segmental relaxation times have been found to increase or be invariant to the presence of nanometer-sized particles. Some of these discrepancies can be ascribed to ambiguous methods of data analysis; others likely reflect the variation in filler-polymer interaction among different systems. There are unequivocal examples of polymers that have segmental dynamics and glass transitions unaffected by nano-particle reinforcement. However, the general principles governing the behavior remain to be clarified, with further work, focusing on the micromechanics at the particle interface, required for resolution of this important aspect of rubber science and technology.

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Section: Dynamic Mechanical Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Glass Transition and Interfacial Segmental Dynamics in Polymer-Particle Composites

Robertson

Roland

2008

Rubber Chemistry and Technology

153

125

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“…The reduction of the filler size down to nanometric scale can produce substantial differences in the rheology and dynamic of filled polymer in comparison to micron sized particles [2][3][4][5][6][7]. In fact, polymer composites reinforced with submicron fillers generally show significant enhancements in the viscoelastic properties compared to microcomposites at similar filler contents, associated to the appearance of a secondary plateau for the dynamic storage modulus (G′) in the low frequency regime [3,[6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear low-density polyethylene/silica micro- and nanocomposites: dynamic rheological measurements and modelling

Dorigato¹,

Pegoretti²,

Penati³

2010

Express Polym. Lett.

106

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Abstract. Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) based composites were prepared by melt compounding with 1, 2, 3 and 4 vol% of various kinds of amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO2) micro-and nanoparticles. Dynamic rheological tests in parallel plate configuration were conducted in order to detect the role of the filler morphology on the rheological behaviour of the resulting micro-and nanocomposites. A strong dependence of the rheological parameters from the filler surface area was highlighted, with a remarkable enhancement of the storage shear modulus (G′) and of the viscosity (η) in fumed silica nanocomposites and in precipitated silica microcomposites, while glass microbeads only marginally affected the rheological properties of the LLDPE matrix. This result was explained considering the formation of a network structure arising from particle-particle interactions due to hydrogen bonding between silanol groups. A detailed analysis of the solid like behaviour for the filled samples at low frequencies was conducted by fitting viscosity data with a new model, based on a modification of the original De Kee-Turcotte expression performed in order to reach a better modelling of the high-frequency region.

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“…Hence, they lead to special reinforcement effects (higher moduli) and are not going to be considered in this context. [13,14] Filling a semi-crystalline polymer with micron-sized isotropic filler particles influences its tensile properties in different ways. In addition to the component properties, the composite mechanical characteristics are influenced by the adhesion forces at the filler-matrix interface and by the thickness and properties of the interphase, e.g., crystallite orientation and chain dynamics.…”

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confidence: 99%

Surfactant Chain Length and Tensile Properties of Calcium Carbonate‐Polyethylene Composites

Osman

Atallah

2007

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Micron‐sized CaCO3 particles free of milling additives were coated with a monolayer of aliphatic carboxylic acids of different chain length (C2, C4, C5, C10, and C18). CaCO3 was compounded with LDPE at different loading, and the tensile properties of the composites were measured and correlated to the length of the alkyl chains tethered to the particles' surface. SEM indicated that the particles are well dispersed (no agglomerates). The inclusions show little influence on the polymer crystallization, and the filler surface treatment leads to a slight decrease in polymer crystallinity that grows with increasing chain length of the fatty acid. The tensile modulus, yield stress, and maximum stress increase with increasing filler volume fraction ϕ, and the dependence is a function of the length of the alkyl chains tethered to the CaCO3 surface. It seems that the interphase thickness and properties depend on the alkyl chain length and strongly influence the modulus and stresses measured. With increasing chain length in the coated organic layer, the interfacial adhesion between the inclusions and the polymer matrix decreases, and the fibril formation increases. The tensile properties are the result of a superimposition of all these effects. The yield and ultimate strains are dominated by the interfacial slippage (increases with growing alkyl chain length) that leads to debonding at high deformations. Surface treatment of CaCO3 with valeric acid leads to the maximum possible tensile modulus, yield stress, and tensile strength combined with a relatively small loss in yield and ultimate strain.magnified image

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Effect of the particle size on the viscoelastic properties of filled polyethylene

Cited by 122 publications

References 38 publications

Glass Transition and Interfacial Segmental Dynamics in Polymer-Particle Composites

Glass Transition and Interfacial Segmental Dynamics in Polymer-Particle Composites

Linear low-density polyethylene/silica micro- and nanocomposites: dynamic rheological measurements and modelling

Surfactant Chain Length and Tensile Properties of Calcium Carbonate‐Polyethylene Composites

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