Effect of the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide on RNA synthesis in radish seedlings

Delseny, Michel; Aspart, Lorette; Guitton, Yves

doi:10.1016/s0300-9084(77)80085-0

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The increasing rate of ALA production caused by light can be inhibited by 1130 ~tg.ml -~ cycloheximide and thus reflects a synthesis of the ALAforming enzyme in the cytoplasm. High levels of cycloheximide affect both RNA and protein synthesis (2). Fifty i~g-ml -~ cycloheximide inhibited the formation of ribosomal RNA but not of polyadenylatedRNA during greening of radish seedlings whereas 5 ~tg cycloheximide were sufficient to block translation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light stimulated Δ-aminolevulinate accumulation in levulinate treated barley seedlings

Gough

1978

Carlsberg Res. Commun.

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In dark-grown barley shoots treated with levulinate and briefly illuminated the protochlorophyllide which fails to reform is replaced by an excessive amount of~-aminolevulinate (ALA). This accumulation of ALA is strongly inhibited by 100 ~tg.m1-1 cycloheximide but not chloramphenicol or actinomycin D. In darkness levulinate treated shoots form only little ALA; in light ALA forms at an increasing rate reaching a maximum after 2 to 3 hours. When returned to the dark the rate of ALA formation decays to a low level. Cycloheximide does not prevent this decay. Subsequent illumination results in a rise in the rate of ALA accumulation slightly inhibited by cycloheximide pretreatment. The rate of ALA formation during greening is not initially sensitive to DCMU (10~-M) but is progressively inhibited up to 45% by 18 hours. It is concluded that light causes the synthesis of ALA by enzymes already present in dark-grown barley as well as the synthesis of the ALA forming enzymes on cytoplasmic ribosomes. In a dark period after formation of the enzymes during greening feedback inhibition is exerted by anabolic products of ALA although regulation of the enzymes through turnover also occurs. In later stages of greening light stimulates ALA formation through photosynthesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light stimulated Δ-aminolevulinate accumulation in levulinate treated barley seedlings

Gough

1978

Carlsberg Res. Commun.

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“…Cycloheximide does not lead to a destruction of polysomal organization nor does it interfere with the synthesis of hnRNA nor with the transport of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm [38]. We were therefore interested in the localization of the translatable mRNA amassed after cycloheximide application.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cycloheximide Causes Increased Accumulation of Translatable mRNA for Tyrosine Aminotransferase and Tryptophan Oxygenase in Livers of Cortisol‐Treated Rats

Hofer

Sékeris²

1978

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Messenger RNA activities for two cortisol‐inducible enzymes, tyrosine aminotransferase and tryptophan oxygenase, have been determined by translation in a wheat germ system. The effects of cycloheximide on the two mRNA activities have been evaluated. Cortisol leads to an increase of the translatable mRNAs for tyrosine aminotransferase and tryptophan oxygenase with a maximum at approximately 6 h. Cycloheximide was administered 4 h after treatment with cortisol; 2 h later, the activities of tyrosine aminotransferase and tryptophan oxygenase mRNA had increased five‐fold and two‐fold, respectively, compared to the activities reached with cortisol alone. Thereafter the amount of the two translatable mRNAs declined, though 14 h after cortisol administration the mRNA activities were still severalfold higher than in control animals. Application of α‐amanitin together with cycloheximide did not prevent an increased accumulation of specific translatable mRNAs. The increase in tyrosine aminotransferase and tryptophan oxygenase activity by cortisol was immediately blocked by cycloheximide. Whereas tryptophan oxygenase activity rapidly declined after cycloheximide application, tyrosine aminotransferase activity remained at the same level. Approximately 4 h thereafter, both enzyme activities increased again.

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“…Thus, these findings suggest that the stored seed transcripts are somehow highly stabilized in the dry seed and that controlled degradation of these specific transcripts occurs upon imbibition, even beginning during stratification. The importance of the role of mRNA decay during germination has been displayed in studies that have shown that normal germination and development suffer when mRNA degradation is affected (Delseny et al, 1977;Nishimura et al, 2005;Hirayama and Shinozaki, 2007). Given that the expression profiles compared for stratified versus nonstratified seeds revealed differences in the rate of decrease for transcripts in cluster 2, this indicates that the germination "clock" is highly controlled, with gene expression being tightly regulated and controlled by environmental conditions.…”

Section: Crucial Role Of Mrna Decay During Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Depth Temporal Transcriptome Profiling Reveals a Crucial Developmental Switch with Roles for RNA Processing and Organelle Metabolism That Are Essential for Germination in Arabidopsis

et al. 2011

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Germination represents a rapid transition from dormancy to a high level of metabolic activity. In-depth transcriptomic profiling at 10 time points in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), including fresh seed, ripened seed, during stratification, germination, and postgermination per se, revealed specific temporal expression patterns that to our knowledge have not previously been identified. Over 10,000 transcripts were differentially expressed during cold stratification, with subequal numbers up-regulated as down-regulated, revealing an active period in preparing seeds for germination, where transcription and RNA degradation both play important roles in regulating the molecular sequence of events. A previously unidentified transient expression pattern was observed for a group of genes, whereby a significant rise in expression was observed at the end of stratification and significantly lower expression was observed 6 h later. These genes were further defined as germination specific, as they were most highly expressed at this time in germination, in comparison with all developmental tissues in the AtGenExpress data set. Functional analysis of these genes using genetic inactivation revealed that they displayed a significant enrichment for embryo-defective or -arrested phenotype. This group was enriched in genes encoding mitochondrial and nuclear RNA-processing proteins, including more than 45% of all pentatricopeptide domain-containing proteins expressed during germination. The presence of mitochondrial DNA replication factors and RNA-processing functions in this germination-specific subset represents the earliest events in organelle biogenesis, preceding any changes associated with energy metabolism. Green fluorescent protein analysis also confirmed organellar localization for 65 proteins, largely showing germination-specific expression. These results suggest that mitochondrial biogenesis involves a two-step process to produce energetically active organelles: an initial phase at the end of stratification involving mitochondrial DNA synthesis and RNA processing, and a later phase for building the better-known energetic functions. This also suggests that signals with a mitochondrial origin and retrograde signals may be crucial for successful germination.

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Effect of the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide on RNA synthesis in radish seedlings

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

Light stimulated Δ-aminolevulinate accumulation in levulinate treated barley seedlings

Light stimulated Δ-aminolevulinate accumulation in levulinate treated barley seedlings

Cycloheximide Causes Increased Accumulation of Translatable mRNA for Tyrosine Aminotransferase and Tryptophan Oxygenase in Livers of Cortisol‐Treated Rats

In-Depth Temporal Transcriptome Profiling Reveals a Crucial Developmental Switch with Roles for RNA Processing and Organelle Metabolism That Are Essential for Germination in Arabidopsis

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