Effect of thermal characteristics on distortion in laser cladding of AISI 316L

Yan, Zhaorui; Liu, Weiwei; Tang, Zijue; Liu, Xuyang; Zhang, Nan; Wang, Zhenqiu; Zhang, Hongchao

doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2019.06.011

Cited by 45 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Yan et al [25] studied the influences of the laser-scanning mode on the deformation and residual stress distribution of formed parts, and reduced the deformation by changing the scanning mode. Yan et al [26] carried out the on-site monitoring of the temperature under different process parameters via infrared cameras and thermocouples, and studied the effect of temperature on laser cladding deformation. However, these studies have not fundamentally solved the problem of deformation that arises when laser cladding is used to repair thin-walled parts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Deformation Control and Microstructures of Thin-Walled Parts Repaired by Laser Cladding

Huang

2020

Coatings

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To reduce the deformation and improve the quality of thin-walled parts repaired by laser cladding, a three-factor, three-level orthogonal experimental scheme was employed to clad Ni60 powder on thin-walled parts with a thickness of 3.5 mm. To measure the deformation of the thin-walled parts, a method of combining the meshing of the backs of the thin-walled parts and fixing one end of the parts during cladding was used. The effects of the powder feed rate, laser power, and scanning speed on the deformation of the thin-walled parts were studied via visual analysis and analysis of variance, and the process parameters that resulted in the minimum deformation were determined. The deformation process of the thin-walled parts and the causes of cladding stress were also studied, and the microstructure of the cladding layer with the minimum deformation was analyzed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results reveal that the deformation of the thin-walled parts increased with the increase of laser power. The increases of the scanning speed and powder feed rate were found to reduce the deformation of thin-walled parts; the laser power was found to have a significant effect, and the powder feed rate was found to have no significant effect, on the deformation of thin-walled parts. The order of the influence of factors on the deformation of thin-walled parts from greatest to least was determined to be as follows: laser power > scanning speed > powder feed rate. The optimal parameters to obtain the minimum deformation and good metallurgical bonding of thin-walled parts were found to be a powder feed rate of 1.4 r/min, a laser power of 1100 W, and a scanning speed of 8 mm/s. From the bottom to the top, the crystal structure of the coating with the minimum deformation was found to be coarse dendrite, dendritic crystal, and equiaxed crystal.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Deformation Control and Microstructures of Thin-Walled Parts Repaired by Laser Cladding

Huang

2020

Coatings

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“…The non-uniform distribution of temperature and the rapid thermal cycle can lead to thermal distortion and dimensional errors in the LC process. 68,69 So, understanding and monitoring thermal behavior during the LAM process is essential. 70 Gong et al 71 analyzed the planar LC temperature field with a length direction, a width direction, and a simulated helical scanning path.…”

Section: Temperature Field and Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on scanning pattern evaluation in laser-based additive manufacturing

et al. 2021

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Laser-based additive manufacturing (LBAM) is a group of advanced manufacturing processes used to produce metal components and functionally graded products. Production in LBAM is either limited to the formation of thin or thick coatings on a substrate by laser metal deposition or the production of a fully functional metallic product by selective laser melting. In every case, LBAM fabricated components require optimization for the process parameters to avoid defects, such as porosity, crack holes, thermal deformation, and mechanical strength. As a key link in the laser additive manufacturing (LAM) process, laser scanning path planning is an effective strategy for balancing the temperature field of the formed part, avoiding stress concentration, and preventing deformation and cracking. Efficient, accurate, and reasonable planning of the laser scanning path is of great significance for improving the processing efficiency of the process data, prolonging the life of the laser scanning system, and improving the forming quality of the specimen. Through many studies, it was found that the scanning pattern of the lasers has a significant impact on the mechanical properties and deformations caused by a thermal mismatch during the process. Therefore, it is essential to have indepth knowledge about path planning in LBAM. Our review mainly focuses on the influence of scanning patterns on deformation, temperature, and mechanical properties in LBAM. Finally, our paper discusses the current study limitations and some future studies in LAM technology.

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“…Thus, it is used for monitoring substrate temperature, such as welding thermocouples to the underside of the substrate to record the thermal cycle during deposition. 24,27 Moreover, several measures, such as using protective sheets, are necessary to decrease the risk of destroying the thermocouple wires. 28 Noncontact measurement is based on the principle that the infrared (IR) radiation of an object changes with temperature.…”

Section: Devices and Basic Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then they used a coupled thermal, fluid flow, and a mechanical model to investigate the evolution of stresses and strains for Inconel 718 and Ti-6Al-4V and the relation of heat input and layer thickness. 74 Moreover, Yan et al 24,26 summarized the typical thermal models, proposed the relations of process parameters, thermal behavior, and product quality, and expounded the influence of process parameters on thermal distortion of the workpiece. However, traditional numerical methods are limited by the long calculation time with the increase of the overall size of the component.…”

Section: Relations Of Parameters Temperature Signatures and Qualitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on adaptive control of laser-directed energy deposition

et al. 2020

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Laser directed energy deposition (LDED) is one of the most important parts of metal additive manufacturing, which can provide fast building speed, allows for large building volumes, and is suitable for part repair. LDED can manufacture components layer by layer through processes of rapid heating, melting, solidification, and cooling with the laser beam as a heat source. However, deposition quality and repeatability of components produced by LDED are poor because of the complex thermal cycle and processing environment, hindering the spread of this technique. Adaptive control technology (ACT) is consistently considered an effective and potential way to solve the problem. Many studies have focused on LDED and established the relations of process parameters, process signatures, and product qualities, which promote the rapid development of ACT, with the development of monitoring devices and data processing technology. We review and discuss the problems existing in the ACT of LDED.

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Effect of thermal characteristics on distortion in laser cladding of AISI 316L

Cited by 45 publications

References 27 publications

Study on the Deformation Control and Microstructures of Thin-Walled Parts Repaired by Laser Cladding

Study on the Deformation Control and Microstructures of Thin-Walled Parts Repaired by Laser Cladding

Review on scanning pattern evaluation in laser-based additive manufacturing

Review on adaptive control of laser-directed energy deposition

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