“…The studies concerning the catalytic activity of many different organic substances on the electroreduction of: Zn(II) [1,[3][4][5][6], In(III) [2,7,8], Eu(III) [9] Cd(II) [10] and Bi(III) [11] ions demonstrated that the electroreduction mechanism of these depolarizers in the presence of organic substances is complex, containing both the electron transfer stages and the chemical stages, in which a substrate or intermediate compound lose the part of solvation shell forming at the electrode surface the complexes participating in electrons transfer. In the mechanisms of these processes the water molecules were also taking into consideration, because the behaviour of water at the electrode-solution interface is of a fundamental interest in electrochemistry as water is an essential component of electrochemical systems.…”