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Studies concerning the reduction process of Cd(II), Zn(II), or Cr(III) in chlorates(VII) solutions of different water activity also indicate strong interactions between depolarizing ions and water molecules [12][13][14][15][16]. In a study Abstract: The paper describes recent results of studies on the accelerating effect of sulfur-containing protein amino acids and water activity on multistep Bi(III) ion electroreduction at mercury electrode. The catalytic effect of methionine (Mt), cystine (CY) and cysteine (CE) was analyzed based on kinetic and thermodynamic parameters, which correlated with water activity. Investigations of ad-sorption of those amino acids at the electrode/solution interface provided information for the analysis of the electrical double layer and its influence on the kinetics of the electrode process. The multistep Bi(III) electroreduction process is controlled by the kinetics of active complexes formation, which precedes transfer of consecutive electrons.

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Adsorption of methionine on the mercury electrode from 0.5 to 8 mol dm À3 chlorates(VII) was examined. In all the systems studied the relative surface excesses of methionine increase with the increase of electrode charge and adsorbate concentration, they depend also on chlorates(VII) concentration. The adsorption parameters were determined from the Frumkin and virial isotherms. It was stated that the adsorption parameters change together with the change of supporting electrolyte concentration, what points at competitive adsorption of methionine and ClO À 4 ions and electrostatic interactions between the water dipoles and methionine in the double layer.

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