Effect of Topically Applied Flurbiprofen on Ultraviolet-Induced Erythema

Abstract

The effect of flurbiprofen, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent, on ultraviolet B-induced erythema was studied in normal volunteers. The effect of various concentrations as well as the effect of multiple applications were evaluated at 4, 8, and 24 hours after irradiation with three MEDs of ultraviolet B. Repeated applications of flurbiprofen during the four- and eight-hour periods following ultraviolet B exposure did not increase the blanching response obtained following a single treatment. A concentration dependent effect of flurbiprofen on blanching was observed with suppression of erythema increasing with increasing concentration of flurbiprofen up to 3%. Further increase in concentration up to 5% offered no added advantage. Significant differences in blanching were also observed at different postirradiation time periods. No cutaneous or systemic complications were reported during the entire study.

Time-Resolved Spectroscopic Characterization of a Novel Photodecarboxylation Reaction Mediated by Homolysis of a Carbon α-Bond in Flurbiprofen

“…Flurbiprofen (2-fluoro-α-methyl-4-biphenylacetic acid) is a representative 2-arylpropionic acid that can be used as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Flurbiprofen (denoted hereafter as Fp) has been widely prescribed as an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic agent for several therapeutic applications such as pain from rheumatoid arthritis, − sunburn , and acute gout, migraine headache, , osteoarthritis, − soft tissue injuries (tendinitis and bursitis), , postoperative ocular inflammation (e.g., excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy), ,− vernal keratoconjunctivitis, ocular gingivitis, and herpetic stromal keratitis . Pharmacologically, Fp effects are mediated via inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2, also referred to as prostaglandin H 2 synthases).…”

Topological effects in ultrafast photoinduced processes between flurbiprofen and tryptophan in linked dyads and within human serum albumin

“…6–9 As an example, marked similarities have previously been observed between the fundamental photoprocesses occurring in fenofibric acid, the active metabolite of the hypolipidemic drug fenofibrate, 10 upon binding to human serum albumin (HSA), 11 the most abundant transport protein in plasma, 12 and the photobehavior of model dyads composed of fenofibric acid linked to tyrosine (Tyr) or tryptophan (Trp). Likewise, the photophysical properties of HSA-bound flurbiprofen (FBP), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of different diseases, 13–17 are comparable to those observed for diastereomeric dyads where the drug and Trp are directly linked (FBP-Trp) through an amide bond. 18…”

“…[6][7][8][9] As an example, marked similarities have previously been observed between the fundamental photoprocesses occurring in fenofibric acid, the active metabolite of the hypolipidemic drug fenofibrate, 10 upon binding to human serum albumin (HSA), 11 the most abundant transport protein in plasma, 12 and the photobehavior of model dyads composed of fenofibric acid linked to tyrosine (Tyr) or tryptophan (Trp). Likewise, the photophysical properties of HSA-bound flurbiprofen (FBP), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of different diseases, [13][14][15][16][17] are comparable to those observed for diastereomeric dyads where the drug and Trp are directly linked (FBP-Trp) through an amide bond. 18 In the particular case of FBP-Trp, fluorescence spectroscopy reveals a strong stereodifferentiation in the quenching of the singlet excited state for both the drug ( 1 FBP*) and the amino acid ( 1 Trp*); the latter has been attributed to an electron transfer process and/or exciplex formation, whereas the drug quenching has been proposed to occur through an energy transfer process from 1 FBP* to Trp, although this hypothesis has not been confirmed.…”