Effect of total body irradiation on peri‐implant tissue reaction: an experimental study

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the osseointegration process under total body irradiation conditions (LD 50/30). Twenty Wistar rats (mean body weight: 90 g) were used. Under ethyl urethane intraperitoneal anesthesia (1 g/kg body weight), the animals were irradiated with a single 700 cGy dose (linear accelerator 6 Mev photons). Four days post irradiation, a titanium laminar implant was placed in the left tibia of each rat. Antibiotic therapy (ceftriaxone) was administered daily post implantation, to prevent infection by radiation. Fourteen days post implantation, the animals were killed by ether overdose. The tibiae were resected, radiographed and processed for embedding in methyl methacrylate. The results showed impaired osteogenesis and absence of osseointegration in experimental tibiae. This could be due to a direct action of total body irradiation on osteogenesis precursor cells. This effect would impair bone formation involved in peri-implant osseointegration processes in this experimental model.

Effects of irradiation on bone remodelling around mandibular implants: an experimental study in dogs

“…According to ASIKAINEN et al 4 , bone remodelling can occur only when irradiation is fractioned, as was the case in the present experimental protocol, because this leads to higher tissue tolerance. These observations of stimulated bone remodelling may correlate with the persistence of osteogenic potential of the medullary compartment of irradiated rats, although no osseointegration occurred around titanium implants inserted in their tibia 23 .…”

Local effect of titanium implant corrosion: an experimental study in rats

“…The experimental model used in the present study is a suitable method to study newly formed bone around laminar implants under local and/or systemic conditions 7,[11][12][13]28 .…”

“…At 14 days post-implantation the animals were killed by ether overdose, the tibiae were resected, fixed in formalin and radiographed. At 14 days post-implantation the experimental model employed in the present study exhibits unequivocal evidence of periimplant laminar bone tissue formation 7,11,28 .…”

Effect of postoperative radiotherapy on the functional result of implants placed during ablative surgery for oral cancer

“…Until now no scientific clinical data have been reported indicating that radiotherapy affects the osseointegration process negatively. In an animal study (rats), impaired osteogenesis and absence of osseointegration of titanium laminar implants in tibiae were seen when placed 4-day postirradiation 12 . The purpose of this study was to analyse the yield of primary implant placement in patients with SCC of the oral cavity with or without adjuvant radiotherapy.…”