Effect of traditional agriculture technology on communities of soil invertebrates

Abstract

The study of peculiarities specific for the spatial organization of communities of living organisms allows to develop principles of the rational and effective use of the biosphere natural resources and optimal adaptation of mankind to the natural environment. The aim of the research was to study communities of the soil mesofauna as an integral indicator of the state of soils under conditions of applying the traditional farming technology, to carry out the quantitative accounting of the soil mesofauna, and assessment of morphometric parameters of sunflower plants in places of selecting soil and zoological samples, to determine the species composition and abundance, as well as to analyze the ecological structure of the soil mesofauna community. Rheophilous species predominate on black steam, and mesophilic species predominate under sunflower. This can be explained by the fact that in the periodic cultivation of black steam, the evaporation from the soil surface is much higher. Ultra-mega-coenotrophs are dominant on black steam, and megacoenotrophs are dominant under sunflower. Since both demonstration trails are laid on one field, but have strategically been divided into a plot under black steam and a plot under sunflower, one can assume a different degree of saturation of the soil solution, as during the growth the crop being cultivated uses soil nutrients. Among topomorphs of soil animals, exactly soil animals are dominant, which is characteristic for both demonstration trails being studied. In the composition of trophomorphs of soil animals, phytophages are dominant in soil of the test demonstration trail on black steam, and in soil of the test demonstration trail, where sunflower was cultivated, phyto- and saprophages predominate in equal proportions. As a result of the correlation analysis, statistically reliable dependences are obtained: – numbers of soil animals in soil of the demonstration trail on black steam – on the distance from forest belt areas (-0.23) and length and width of sunflower leaves - on the distance from forest belt areas (0.53 and 0.53 respectively). The species composition, abundance and distribution in space of soil invertebrates are an informative indicator, which reflects the ecological state of soils, intensity in development of soil horizons as well as intensity of processes occurring in them.

Modern Ukrainian Winter Wheat Varieties Grain Productivity and Quality at Ecological Exam

“…Due to this fact we investigated varieties main agricultural-value traits under regional conditions. They determined balance of moisture, character of winter wheat growth and development, differences in seasons conditions, interaction between types of variety development (terms and specify of development stages) (Andrusevich et al, 2018).…”

Introduction success of less common species from the genus Berberis L.

“…The impact of negative environmental factors on the background of arid steppe climate significantly affects all elements of ecosystems, causing soil impoverishment (Savosko, 2011;Savosko et al, 2018), changes in the composition of plant communities (Baranovski et al, 2017;Chytry et al, 2017;Shupranova et al, 2017;Klymenko et al, 2017;Lykholat et al, 2018bNazarenko & Lykholat, 2018a;Nazarenko et al, 2018b), changes in the spread of animal organisms and their metabolism (Brygadyrenko, 2015;Andrusevich et al, 2018;Didur et al, 2018;Lykholat et al, 2016aLykholat et al, , 2018aMarenkov et al, 2019;Pokhylenko et al, 2019), as well as negative effects on the human health (Lykholat et al, 2016b;Pertseva et al, 2012;Yermishev et al, 2017). In the steppe zone of Ukraine, maintaining the existing plant diversity and expanding its spectrum can be effective if species are introduced from other geographical areas.…”

Winter wheat variability according to local conditions

“…Regarding the fact of instability in agroecosystems related to types of agroecodistricts and relief type at interaction we investigated lines requirements under different types of slopes. One of the main nature factors for evaluation is a land relief, which is determined by balance of moisture, character of winter wheat growth and development, differences in seasons conditions (Andrusevich et al, 2018).…”