Effect of Triticale Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles on Ruminal Bacterial Populations as Revealed by Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Abstract

Real time PCR was used in this study to determine the effect of triticale dried distillers grains with solubles (TDDGS) as a replacement for grain or barley silage in finishing diets on the presence of six classical ruminal bacterial species (Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens, Selenomonas ruminantium, Streptococcus bovis, Megasphaera elsdenii, Prevotella ruminicola and Fibrobacter succinogenes) within the rumen contents of feedlot cattle. This study was divided into a step-wise adaptation experiment (112 days) that examined the effects of adaptation to diets containing increasing levels of TDDGS up to 30% (n = 4), a short-term experiment comparing animals (n = 16) fed control, 20%, 25% or 30% TDDGS diets over 28 days, and a rapid transition experiment (56 days) where animals (n = 4) were rapidly switched from a diet containing 30% TDDGS to a barley-based diet with no TDDGS. It was found that feeding TDDGS as replacement for barley grain (control vs. 20% TDDGS) decreased 16S rRNA copy numbers of starch-fermenting S. ruminantium and S. bovis (p<0.001 and p = 0.04, respectively), but did not alter 16S rRNA copy numbers of the other rumen bacteria. Furthermore, feeding TDDGS as a replacement barley silage (20% vs. 25% and 30% TDDGS) increased 16S rRNA copy numbers of S. ruminantium, M. elsdenii and F. succinogenes (p<0.001; p = 0.03 and p<0.001, respectively), but decreased (p<0.001) the 16S rRNA copy number of P. ruminicola. Upon removal of 30% TDDGS and return to the control diet, 16S rRNA copy numbers of S. ruminantium, M. elsdenii and F. succinogenes decreased (p = 0.01; p = 0.03 and p = 0.01, respectively), but S. dextrinosolvens and S. bovis increased (p = 0.04 and p = 0.009, respectively). The results suggest that replacement of TDDGS for grain reduces 16S rRNA copy numbers of starch-fermenting bacteria, whereas substitution for barley silage increases 16S rRNA copy numbers of bacteria involved in fibre digestion and the metabolism of lactic acid. This outcome supports the contention that the fibre in TDDGS is highly fermentable.

Production of Endoglucanase, Beta-glucosidase and Xylanase by &lt;i&gt;Bacillus licheniformis&lt;/i&gt; Grown on Minimal Nutrient Medium Containing Agriculture Residues

“…The DDGS is the soluble and solid residues by-produced in ethanol fermentation process using grain sources ( Liu, 2011 ), and has been used as an animal feed ingredient ( Wu et al, 2011 ). There has been an interest in the use of DDGS for industrial enzyme production since it is inexpensive relative to high protein and carbohydrate contents.…”

Effects of supplementation of nonforage fiber source in diets with different starch levels on growth performance, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestion, and microbial flora of Hu lambs

“…Fibrobacter succinogenes tended to be greater in lambs fed SH than in lambs fed BP, and it was greater in lambs fed the high starch than in lambs fed the low starch level. Previous studies showed that replacing barley silage with dried distiller triticale grains in feedlot cattle increased the amount of F. succinogenes ( Wu et al, 2011 ). These findings agreed with the understanding that F. succinogenes abundance is related to the type of forage diet ( Tajima et al, 2001 ).…”

Effect of cellulolytic Ruminococcus albus KU-F152 and non-cellulolytic Selenomonas ruminantium S137 supplementation on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Holstein crossbred steers

“…at a ruminal pH below than 5.4, causing excess lactate accumulation and cow death from acidosis. Lactate-utilizing bacteria, such as Megasphaera elsdenii and S. ruminantium S137, begin to proliferate in response to lactic acid accumulation and remove it by converting it to volatile fatty acids (VFAs) that can be absorbed in the rumen [28,32]. Furthermore, the inoculation or supplementation of rumen bacteria in rearing cattle may increase performance, such as feed intake, feed conversion and body weight [11,15].…”