Effect of tulathromycin on abomasal emptying rate in healthy lactating goats

Badawy, Shymaa A. El; Amer, Aziza M.; Constable, Peter D.; Guda, A.M.

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.06.008

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Tulathromycin is a long acting, semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic, developed for the treatment and control of bacterial respiratory diseases in cattle and swine ( El Badawy et al, 2014 ). The list of approved indications by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) includes Mannheimia haemolytica, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae , and Pasteurella multocida ( Evans, 2005 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacodynamic Evaluation and PK/PD-Based Dose Prediction of Tulathromycin: A Potential New Indication for Streptococcus suis Infection

Zhou

Peng

et al. 2017

Front. Pharmacol.

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Tulathromycin is the first member of the triamilide antimicrobial drugs that has been registered in more than 30 countries. The goal of this study is to provide a potential new indication of tulathromycin for Streptococcus suis infections. We investigated the pharmacokinetic and ex vivo pharmacodynamics of tulathromycin against experimental S. suis infection in piglets. Tulathromycin demonstrated a relatively long elimination half-life (74.1 h) and a mean residence time of 97.6 h after a single intramuscular administration. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and bactericidal concentration in serum were markedly lower than those in broth culture, with Mueller–Hinton broth/serum ratios of 40.3 and 11.4, respectively. The post-antibiotic effects were at 1.27 h (1× MIC) and 2.03 h (4× MIC) and the post-antibiotic sub-MIC effect values ranged from 2.47 to 3.10 h. The ratio of the area under the concentration–time curve divided by the MIC (AUC/MIC) correlated well with the ex vivo antimicrobial effectiveness of tulathromycin (R2 = 0.9711). The calculated AUC12h/MIC ratios in serum required to produce the net bacterial stasis, 1-log10 and 2-log10 killing activities were 9.62, 18.9, and 32.7, respectively. Based on the results of Monte Carlo simulation, a dosage regimen of 3.56 mg/kg tulathromycin was estimated to be effective, achieving for a bacteriostatic activity against S. suis infection over 5 days period. Tulathromycin may become a potential option for the treatment of S. suis infections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacodynamic Evaluation and PK/PD-Based Dose Prediction of Tulathromycin: A Potential New Indication for Streptococcus suis Infection

Zhou

Peng

et al. 2017

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…The most common and serious adverse effect of macrolide administration in horses is colitis, which may be fatal (Gustafsson et al, 1997). Diarrhea induced by macrolide antibiotics is thought to be related to a shift in the gastrointestinal flora, or a potential prokinetic effect (El Badawy et al, 2014; Itoh, 1997). Despite this, no horses in this study developed diarrhea, and they continued to pass normal amounts of manure throughout the sampling period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and pulmonary distribution of Draxxin^® (tulathromycin) in healthy adult horses

Leventhal

McKenzie

Estell

et al. 2021

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of tulathromycin (Draxxin®; 2.5 mg/kg once) after intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC), and slow intravenous (IV) administration to six adult horses. A three‐phase design and 4‐week washout period were used. Drug concentrations in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were determined by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and pharmacokinetic parameters calculated using noncompartmental analysis. Following SC and IM administration, all horses exhibited sweating, discomfort, and periods of recumbency. As signs were more severe after SC administration this route was only used in 3/6 horses. Intravenous administration of tulathromycin was well tolerated in all horses. Mean bioavailability was 99.4% IM and 115% SC. Mean maximum plasma concentration was 645 ng/ml IM and 373 ng/ml SC. Mean half‐life was 59.8 h, 54.8 h, and 57.9 h for IV, IM, and SC administration, respectively. Mean clearance was 3.25 ml/kg/min, and mean volume of distribution was 16.8 L/kg following IV administration. Drug was detectable in plasma and BAL samples for 120 h following all routes; however, adverse effects may prevent IM use and SC use is not recommended. Tulathromycin may be a practical and affordable antimicrobial for use in adult equine patients.

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“…3.142) as described by Wittek et al (2005c). The volume calculated firstly in the control animals without metoclopramide administration at different time range ( 0 time -2 hrs -4 hrs -6 hrs) 0 time mean directly after animal feeding by 1 hour (El Badawy et al, 2014). The emptying rate was simply measured by dividing the mean of abomasal volume reduction on the time of every examination (2 hours = 120 minute in this study).…”

Section: Methods Of Ultrasound Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation the effect of metoclopramide on abomasal emptying rate in healthy non-pregnant mixed breed cattle by ultrasound

Mahmoud¹,

Abdelaal²,

Abdelrazek³

et al. 2019

Benha Veterinary Medical Journal

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This study was planned to evaluate the prokinetic effect of metoclopramide. For this purpose, 20 non-pregnant cattle were used and abomasal volume was assessed by ultrasonography. The abomasal volume was assessed 4 times every 2 hours and the first one was after feeding by 1hr. Two groups of cattle was used (10 of each), the first was as control and the second was received metoclopramide by intramuscular injection. The abomasal emptying rate/minute was estimated by dividing the degree of reduction of abomasal emptying volume every 2 hours(120 minute). The results revealed significant difference between control and that received metoclopramide . we could conclude that metoclopramide has prokinetic effect in cattle and could reflect good results on treatment of abomasal atony or other diseases causing abomasal emptying defect AED in cattle.

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Effect of tulathromycin on abomasal emptying rate in healthy lactating goats

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Pharmacodynamic Evaluation and PK/PD-Based Dose Prediction of Tulathromycin: A Potential New Indication for Streptococcus suis Infection

Pharmacodynamic Evaluation and PK/PD-Based Dose Prediction of Tulathromycin: A Potential New Indication for Streptococcus suis Infection

Pharmacokinetics and pulmonary distribution of Draxxin^® (tulathromycin) in healthy adult horses

Evaluation the effect of metoclopramide on abomasal emptying rate in healthy non-pregnant mixed breed cattle by ultrasound

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Effect of tulathromycin on abomasal emptying rate in healthy lactating goats

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Pharmacodynamic Evaluation and PK/PD-Based Dose Prediction of Tulathromycin: A Potential New Indication for Streptococcus suis Infection

Pharmacodynamic Evaluation and PK/PD-Based Dose Prediction of Tulathromycin: A Potential New Indication for Streptococcus suis Infection

Pharmacokinetics and pulmonary distribution of Draxxin® (tulathromycin) in healthy adult horses

Evaluation the effect of metoclopramide on abomasal emptying rate in healthy non-pregnant mixed breed cattle by ultrasound

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Pharmacokinetics and pulmonary distribution of Draxxin^® (tulathromycin) in healthy adult horses