Effect of two fresh diets and sexual maturation on the proximate and fatty acid profile of several tissues inOctopus vulgaris: specific retention of arachidonic acid in the gonads

Abstract

Most nutritional studies on Octopus vulgaris were based on males to avoid interaction with reproductive processes, focusing on muscle and digestive gland tissues. This study intends to evaluate the effect of two fresh diets, a fish diet (bogue Boops boops) and a mixed diet (600 g kg À1 crab Portunus pelagicus and 400 g kg À1 bogue), on the biochemical composition of muscle, digestive gland and gonad in males and females of O. vulgaris. Six octopuses per diet were selected (n = 3 per sex) after 60 days of rearing in floating cages. Weight increase was higher in males (3-3.2 kg) than in females (0.9 kg) regardless of diet associated with sexual maturation. Gondosomatic Index in females was 11.3-13.4%. High-lipid content in fish (440 g kg À1 dw) was reflected in digestive gland regardless of the diet, while muscle and testis showed a relatively stable composition. The increase in protein content in the ovary was related to sexual maturation. The low arachidonic content in bogue was reflected in all tissues, with no apparent negative effect on growth and welfare. However, specific retention of arachidonic in the gonads, related to high arachidonic content in crab, underlined the importance of this fatty acid in for gonad development in O. vulgaris.

Evaluation of reproductive performances of the common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) reared in water recirculation systems and fed different diets

“…This result was better than those of previous studies 4 , 49 , 50 reporting that males achieve a body weight higher than females because females direct more energy toward gonad maturation in comparison to somatic growth 3 , 51 . In contrast to Estefanel et al 52 , in our study, the complete isolation of the couple and the daily presence of readily available food led the female to feed adequately up to the clogging phase, whereas we observed that males in the "frenzy of reproduction" occasionally refused food.…”

Development of low-lipid formulated feeds with different protein/energy ratios for Octopus vulgaris ongrowing

“…), although the most significant changes occur in the digestive gland and the gonads (Estefanell et al . ).…”

High feeding and growth rates in common octopus (Octopus vulgaris ) fed formulated feeds with an improved amino acid profile and mixture of binders

“…; Morillo‐Velarde et al . ; Estefanell, Socorro, Izquierdo & Roo ). In this respect, squid Todarodes saggitatus , small low‐lipid fish, crab Carcinus mediterraneus and egg yolk powder were selected according to its lipid class composition (Cerezo Valverde et al .…”

“…In any case, it is remarkable the high feeding and growth rates in these animals so lipid requirements may be covered. In previous studies, phospholipids, cholesterol and the n-3 series of polyunsaturated fatty acids represent a key role on cephalopods nutrition (Koueta, Boucaud-Camou & Noel 2002;Navarro & Villanueva 2003;Cerezo Valverde et al 2012;Morillo-Velarde et al 2013;Estefanell, Socorro, Izquierdo & Roo 2015). In this respect, squid Todarodes saggitatus, small low-lipid fish, crab Carcinus mediterraneus and egg yolk powder were selected according to its lipid class composition (Cerezo Valverde et al 2012) to make sure that lipid requirements were covered in the present study.…”