Effect of various pharmacologic agents on cerebral arteries

Karlsberg, Paul; Elliott, Henry W.; Adams, John E.

doi:10.1212/wnl.13.9.772

Cited by 74 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the present work, the vasal action of the drugs was not evaluated; however, these drugs were used at concentrations assuring the complete presence of the vascular effect. Let us consider, for example, papaverine: increased cerebral blood flow upon intravenous or intra-arterial injection of drug was demonstrated by perfusion ex periments (13), by blood flow evaluations in the arteries afferent to and in the veins efferent from the brain (10,17,18), and by recording 85Kr clearance curves (6). The cerebral blood flow increase with papaverine is the greatest obtained with vasodilator drugs (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of the Drugs Acting on Cerebral Energy Metabolism

Benzi

1975

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-The behaviour of (a) the redox potential of the lactate/pyruvate system and the changes of the redox potential of the lactate/pyruvate system across the brain; (b) the energy charge potential of the adenylate pool, was studied in the brain of cura rized beagle dogs. The influence of certain drugs (amobarbital, nicergoline, theo phylline, papaverine, bamethan, dipyridamole, bemegride) on these parameters was evaluated under control conditions, during hypoxemia and during post-hypoxiemic recovery. On the whole, the action on energetic metabolism appears to be unrelated to the action believed to be exerted by drugs on cerebral vessels.Some of the basic problems at the cerebral level concern both the ability of drugs to interfere with energy metabolism, and the relationships between energy metabolism and blood flow. Until recently, energy metabolism and blood fluximetry were regarded as being so interdependent that a substance able to increase cerebral blood flow was always regarded as being also useful in the treatment of acute and chronic cerebropathies.Lately, this criterion has been regarded as highly questionable. The present work was planned in order to carry out a critical evaluation of the action of various drugs at the cerebral level by means of experimental methods which in our laboratory have been used for many years in the study of cerebral metabolism. Our investigations were focused on the energy charge of the adenylate pool and on the redox potential of the lactate pyru vate system under control conditions, during hypoxemia and during post-hypoxia recovery.At the same time, the action of various drugs (papaverine, theophylline, nicergoline, di pyridamole, bamethan, bemegride and amobarbital) was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals and anaesthesiaThe experiments were carried out on 84 male beagle dogs aged 240-360 days and weigh ing from 8.7 to 13.2 kg. Before the experiments, the dogs were maintained under the same environmental conditions (22±1°, relative humidity =60±5%) and were fed only a standard diet with water ad libitum.The surgical procedure was performed on animals pre-anaesthetized with urethane (0.4 g/kg i.p.). Electrical activity of the brain was used to determine the degree of anaes thesia (9), which was induced and maintained only during the surgical procedure by chlora lose (20-40 mg/kg i.v.). The anaesthetics affect labile phosphates and the extra and intra cellular brain lactate and pyruvate concentrations (14,21). Therefore the restoration of

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of the Drugs Acting on Cerebral Energy Metabolism

Benzi

1975

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Serotonin is known to be a potent cerebral vasoconstrictor (Raynor et al, 196 1;Karlsberg et al, 1963), and is released from aggregating platelets (Welch et al, 1972;Sam uelsson et al, 1976). Increased levels of serotonin within the cerebrospinal fluid of patients early after the onset of cerebral infarction have been docu mented (Meyer et al, 1974).…”

Section: Fig 2 At 4 H Following Irradiation Asymmetrical Patterns mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photochemically Induced Cortical Infarction in the Rat. 1. Time Course of Hemodynamic Consequences

Dietrich

Ginsberg

Busto

et al. 1986

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary: Alterations in local CBF (LCBF) were as sessed autoradiographically in the rat at several time points following photochemically induced cortical infarc tion, Cortical infarction of consistent size and location was produced by irradiating the brain with green light through the intact skull for 20 min following the systemic injection of rose bengaL A consistent pattern of altered LCBF was recorded in both ipsilateral and contralateral brain regions over the course of the study, At 30 min, a severely ischemic zone surrounded by regions of cortical hyperemia was apparent. LCBF was also depressed rel ative to control values in ipsilateral cortical regions re mote from the irradiated area, while contralateral cortical structures were mildly hyperemic, By 4 h, the zone of severe ischemia had enlarged and its margins were no longer hyperemic. Ipsilateral cortical and some subcor-

show abstract

“…Swank and Hissen (1964) reported that 5-HT induced an increase of blood flow rate in the canine brain in vivo. On the other hand, a vasoconstrictor action of 5-HT has been revealed in the intracranial circulation (Karlsberg et al 1963;Grimson et al 1979;Deshmukh and Harper 1963). The main effect of 5-HT on blood vessels is usually considered to be constriction in large arteries and veins, and dilatation in smaller vessels such as arterioles and capillaries.…”

Section: Monkey Basilar Arterymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular responsiveness of isolated, perfused basilar arteries in dogs and monkeys.

Chiba

Tsuji

1985

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A new model of isolated basilar arterial preparation was developed in the dog and monkey. Isolated arteries were perfused at a constant flow rate with Krebs solution and suspended in a bath at 3TC. By inserting the steel cannula into the artery, the space between the luminal wall of the artery and the cannula was narrowed enough to obtain a suitable perfusion pressure during the perfusion. The resting perfusion pressure was maintained at a constant level of 50-100 mmHg. The drug solution was intraluminally administered, and the response was obtained as changes in the perfusion pressure. Responses to 6 vasoactive substances (norepinephrine, 5-HT, PGF2a, histamine, ATP and KCl) were compared between simian and canine basilar arteries. It was demonstrated that in simian arteries, PGF2a was the strongest but 5-HT and norepinephrine induced slight vasoconstriction to the same degree, and in canine basilar arteries, 5-HT induced the strongest constriction but norepinephrine did not produce significant vasoconstriction, and KC1 induced marked constriction to the same degree at extremely large doses in both species. It was demonstrated that the cannula inserting method is useful to observe the responses of isolated basilar arteries. cannula inserting method ; isolated basilar artery ; simian cerebral artery ; dog cerebral artery Recently, a new model of isolated and perfused vascular preparation was developed by Hongo and Chiba (1983) and modified by Tsuji and Chiba (1984). In their preparation, the resting perfusion pressure was maintained between 50-100 mm Hg which was close to physiological arterial blood pressure throughout the experiment. The drug administration was performed on the endothelial side of the artery. By using this method, vascular responses to vasoactive substances were studied in several parts of relatively large arteries isolated (Hongo and Chiba 1983;Tsuji and Chiba 1984; Chiba and Tsukada 1984a, b ; Ito and Chiba 1984a, b). In the present experiments, we made an attempt to apply this method to the isolated cerebral artery in the dog and monkey, by using a modified cannula inserting method, and to compare effects of 6 different vasoactive substances

show abstract

Effect of various pharmacologic agents on cerebral arteries

Cited by 74 publications

References 0 publications

An Analysis of the Drugs Acting on Cerebral Energy Metabolism

An Analysis of the Drugs Acting on Cerebral Energy Metabolism

Photochemically Induced Cortical Infarction in the Rat. 1. Time Course of Hemodynamic Consequences

Vascular responsiveness of isolated, perfused basilar arteries in dogs and monkeys.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About