Effect of visuomotor-map uncertainty on visuomotor adaptation

Saijo, Naoki; Gomi, Hiroaki

doi:10.1152/jn.00204.2011

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The SD range for the TJR directional differences was 16.1–37.8 degrees (Figure 4 ). These values are considerably larger than those of previous studies evaluated at longer-latencies of over 200 ms (Johnson et al, 2002 ; Johnson and Haggard, 2005 ; Sarlegna and Blouin, 2010 ; Brière and Proteau, 2011 ; Saijo and Gomi, 2012 ). This indicates that spatial TJR accuracy was too low to produce fine hand trajectory control.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

The impact of aging on the spatial accuracy of quick corrective arm movements in response to sudden target displacement during reaching

Kimura

Kadota

Kinoshita

2015

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Age-related declines in visuomotor processing speed can have a large impact on motor performance in elderly individuals. Contrary to previous findings, however, recent studies revealed that elderly individuals are able to quickly react to displacement of a visual target during reaching. Here, we investigated the influence of aging on quick, corrective responses to perturbations during reaching in the terms of their functional contribution to accuracy. Elderly and young adults performed reaching movements to a visual target that could be displaced during reaching, and they were requested to move their hand to reach the final target location as quickly as possible. Results showed that, for the younger group, the variance in the directional error of the corrective response correlated with the variance in the reaching trajectory at the halfway point of the reach, but the correlation decreased at the end of the reaching. On the other hand, such correlations were not significant in elderly participants, although the variance of the directional error did not show a significant difference between age groups. Thus, the quick, corrective response seems to play an important role in decreasing variability, especially before the end of reaching, and aging can impair this process.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

The impact of aging on the spatial accuracy of quick corrective arm movements in response to sudden target displacement during reaching

Kimura

Kadota

Kinoshita

2015

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…Also, studies that manipulate experimental conditions, such as the complexity of the perturbation [5] show changes in width of generalization. Moreover, uncertainty has been shown to affect learning [31], [36] and retention [36], in particular learning of visuomotor rotations [18], [37]. As uncertainty is important for all of these other aspects of motor learning, it may well affect generalization patterns as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, one factor that has not yet been studied in the context of generalization experiments is uncertainty. Many studies have explored how uncertainty affects behavior [1], [16], [17], [18], but how uncertainty influences generalization has received little attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalization of Stochastic Visuomotor Rotations

2012

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Generalization studies examine the influence of perturbations imposed on one movement onto other movements. The strength of generalization is traditionally interpreted as a reflection of the similarity of the underlying neural representations. Uncertainty fundamentally affects both sensory integration and learning and is at the heart of many theories of neural representation. However, little is known about how uncertainty, resulting from variability in the environment, affects generalization curves. Here we extend standard movement generalization experiments to ask how uncertainty affects the generalization of visuomotor rotations. We find that although uncertainty affects how fast subjects learn, the perturbation generalizes independently of uncertainty.

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“…Whereas a no-vision condition is generally considered as providing no feedback, and thus no "new sensory evidence" with which to adjust behavior, participants could still rely on proprioceptive information to plan, control, and evaluate the outcome of their movements. Interestingly, it is well documented that visuomotor adaptation is accompanied by proprioception recalibration (Cressman and Henriques 2009;Simani et al 2007), and a recent study showed that variance in exposed rotations tends to reduce the degree of proprioceptive recalibration (Saijo and Gomi 2012). Specifically, the authors investigated proprioceptively guided online control by using probe trials in which vision was unpredictably removed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this light, the drift toward baseline during the present no-vision phase may have been attributable to a proprioceptively driven task error (i.e., the comparison between final hand position and target position), and the different rate at which this occurred across groups may have been a result of differences in proprioceptive recalibration. In this framework, given that variance in exposed rotations 1) makes the sensorimotor system rely less on the prior and more on new sensory evidence (Wei and Körding 2010) and 2) reduces the degree of proprioceptive recalibration (Saijo and Gomi 2012), it would follow that higher levels of variance in exposed rotations led to a faster reversion toward nonadapted behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variance in exposed perturbations impairs retention of visuomotor adaptation

Canaveral

Danion

Berrigan

et al. 2017

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Sensorimotor control requires an accurate estimate of the state of the body. The brain optimizes state estimation by combining sensory signals with predictions of the sensory consequences of motor commands using a forward model. Given that both sensory signals and predictions are uncertain (i.e., noisy), the brain optimally weights the relative reliance on each source of information during adaptation. In support, it is known that uncertainty in the sensory predictions influences the rate and generalization of visuomotor adaptation. We investigated whether uncertainty in the sensory predictions affects the retention of a new visuomotor relationship. This was done by exposing three separate groups to a visuomotor rotation whose mean was common at 15° counterclockwise but whose variance around the mean differed (i.e., SD of 0°, 3.2°, or 4.5°). Retention was assessed by measuring the persistence of the adapted behavior in a no-vision phase. Results revealed that mean reach direction late in adaptation was similar across groups, suggesting it depended mainly on the mean of exposed rotations and was robust to differences in variance. However, retention differed across groups, with higher levels of variance being associated with a more rapid reversion toward nonadapted behavior. A control experiment ruled out the possibility that differences in retention were accounted for by differences in success rates. Exposure to variable rotations may have increased the uncertainty in sensory predictions, making the adapted forward model more labile and susceptible to change or decay. The brain predicts the sensory consequences of motor commands through a forward model. These predictions are subject to uncertainty. We use visuomotor adaptation and modulate uncertainty in the sensory predictions by manipulating the variance in exposed rotations. Results reveal that variance does not influence the final extent of adaptation but selectively impairs the retention of motor memories. These results suggest that a more uncertain forward model is more susceptible to change or decay.

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Effect of visuomotor-map uncertainty on visuomotor adaptation

Abstract: Saijo N, Gomi H. Effect of visuomotor-map uncertainty on visuomotor adaptation.

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

The impact of aging on the spatial accuracy of quick corrective arm movements in response to sudden target displacement during reaching

The impact of aging on the spatial accuracy of quick corrective arm movements in response to sudden target displacement during reaching

Generalization of Stochastic Visuomotor Rotations

Variance in exposed perturbations impairs retention of visuomotor adaptation

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