Effect of Vitamin C and E Supplementation on Biochemical and Ultrastructural Indices of Muscle Damage after a 21 km Run

Abstract

This study investigated whether 4 weeks of daily supplementation with 500 or 1000 mg of Vitamin C and 500 or 1000 IU of Vitamin E could modify biochemical and ultrastructural indices of muscle damage following a 21 km run. Fifteen experienced male distance runners were divided into two groups (vitamin or placebo) and received supplementation for four weeks before completing the first 21 km run in as fast a time as possible. A four-week "washout" period followed before the subjects crossed over and received the alternate supplement for the next four weeks. They then completed a second 21 km run. Before, immediately after and 24 h after each run venous blood samples were taken and analysed for serum creatine kinase, myoglobin, malondialdehyde and vitamin C and E (before-samples only) concentrations. A subgroup of six subjects also had muscle biopsy (gastrocnemius) samples taken 24 h before and 24 h after each 21 km run, which were later analysed by electron microscopy. The two dosages of supplementation produced similar results, so a single vitamin group was formed for further analysis of results. Significant increases (p < 0.05) in creatine kinase and myoglobin, but not in malondialdehyde, were found post-run in both groups. However, no significant differences were found between the vitamin and placebo groups for creatine kinase, myoglobin and malondialdehyde concentrations recorded after the 21 km runs. A qualitative ultrastructural examination of pre-run muscle samples revealed changes consistent with endurance training, but little further change was seen after the 21 km run in either the vitamin or placebo groups. It was concluded that vitamin C and E supplementation (500 or 1000 mg or IU per day) for four weeks does not reduce either biochemical or ultrastructural indices of muscle damage in experienced runners after a half marathon.

Oral vitamin C and E combination modulates blood lipid peroxidation and antioxidant vitamin levels in maximal exercising basketball players

“…Elevation of plasma and erythrocyte LP in exercised basketball players and in rats was reported by some investigators. [9][10][11][12][13][14]27,28 These results support the view that enhanced oxidative stress is involved in the aetiology of erythrocyte pathophysiology.…”

Effects of vitamin C and E combination on hormonal, enzymatic and hematological values in blood of forced training basketball players

“…Hence, VCE supplementation in the forced training basketball players are characterized by increased a free testosterone levels and decreased CK activities and cortisol levels. A limited number of separately VCE administrated studies in blood of forced training have been reported regarding the effects of VCE on stress marker enzymes and hormones system and LP levels [3,10,15,19]. To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first to compare the vitamin combination with particular reference to its effects on muscle enzyme and the hormone system using levels of CK, LDH, cortisol, testosterone and hematological values in blood of forced training subjects.…”

“…However there are also conflict reports on the subjects. Recently, Dawson et al [3] reported that no significant differences were found between the VCE and placebo groups for CK levels recorded after the 21 km runs. Mastaloudis et al [10] repor-…”

“…Results of human studies on the effect of supplementation with antioxidant vitamin supplementation on muscle damage enzymes are controversial. Some studies favorable effects of antioxidant vitamin supplementation on these parameters after exer- cise [1,16], whereas others failed to demonstrate these effects [3,10,15]. Vitamin deficiency has shown to limit physical performance [8,11,[16][17][18], but vitamin supplementation studies in humans have shown little, if any, effects on athletic performance [19].…”

Stres Oksidatif Dan Status Antioksidan Pada Latihan Fisik

“…Beberapa studi menyebutkan pemberian suplemen antioksidan memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap sistem antioksidan dalam tubuh setelah mengkonsumsi antioksidan single (Palazzeti et al, 2003(Palazzeti et al, dan 2004) Namun, beberapa studi menyebutkan suplementasi antioksidan yang dilakukan pada athlete mampu menjaga kesehatan optimal atlete dengan cara mencegah peningkatan kerusakan jaringan akibat stress oksidatif reaksi berantai radikal bebas dalam tubuh. Beberapa antioksidan (seperti vitamin A, E, dan C) mampu melindungi individu yang melakukan aktivitas fisik dari radikal bebas yang merusak jaringan otot selama latihan fisik (Dawson et al, 2002).…”