Effect of vulcanization system and carbon black on mechanical and swelling properties of EPDM blends

Mayasari, Hesty Eka; Yuniari, Arum

doi:10.20543/mkkp.v32i1.706

Cited by 11 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The maximum and minimum torque also decreases with an increased in the temperature. Torque is an amount of force needed to process the blends (Mayasari & Yuniari, 2016), thus, the magnitude of torque needed at a higher temperature is not equal to the one required at a lower temperature. The heat also produces energy that can accelerate a reaction.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Curing Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curing characteristics, swelling, and mechanical properties of natural rubber/nitrile butadiene rubber blends with and without compatibilizer

Yuniari¹,

Mayasari

Setyorini

2017

MKKP

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The use of methyl methacrylate butadiene styrene (MBS) as a compatibilizer for natural rubber (NR) and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) blends has been investigated. Research on the cure characteristics, mechanical properties, swelling, and morphology (SEM) has been conducted to determine the compatibility of NR/NBR blends in the presence of MBS. Based on the cure characteristics, it is indicated that the presence of MBS was affected significantly by maximum and minimum torque. The addition of MBS improved the mechanical properties and the oil resistance of NR/NBR blends due to the compatibility and better interfacial adhesion between rubber phases. The experiment showed that MBS loading by 2.5 phr was the optimum level for NR/NBR blends.

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Section: Results and Discussion Curing Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curing characteristics, swelling, and mechanical properties of natural rubber/nitrile butadiene rubber blends with and without compatibilizer

Yuniari¹,

Mayasari

Setyorini

2017

MKKP

Self Cite

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“…CV system gives a high crosslink density because it has a high amount of sulfur combined with TMTD accelerator (Dijkhuis et al, 2009) Figure 2 shows that for the overall vulcanization system, the greater carbon black gives the greater crosslink density. It is confirmed that the greater filler loading means the greater delta torque and the greater crosslink density as well (Mayasari & Yuniari, 2016). The degree of cross-linking in filled compounds is greater.…”

Section: Crosslink Densitymentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Meanwhile, EV system gives the lowest crosslink density. In the previous research, it is agreed that EV system gives the lowest delta torque (Mayasari & Yuniari, 2016). In the EV system, the optimum cure time is the fastest than the other systems because EV system contains the lowest sulfur concentration.…”

Section: Crosslink Densitymentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In previous publication (Mayasari & Yuniari, 2016), the compounds were prepared and the compounding was performed by two roll mills on laboratory scale (modified with a capacity of 2 kg) and the composition of each ingredient followed the values in formulation Table 1. After homogeneous blend was reached, the compounds were taken out from two roll mills and then cooled and stored in the condition of 23 ± 2 o C for 24 hours.…”

Section: Epdm Compounds Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Mayasari & Yuniari (2016) investigated the effect of three vulcanization system on the mechanical properties and swelling characteristics. This current research focused on the vulcanization kinetics, crosslink density estimation, and free sulfur determination of carbon black filled EPDM in which different sulfur to accelerator (S/A) and carbon black loading are considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of vulcanization rate constant, crosslink density, and free sulfur content on carbon black flled EPDM

Setyorini¹,

Yuniari²

2017

MKKP

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Different ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) composite with the carbon black (CB) variation of 50, 60, and 70 phr (per hundred rubbers) is compounded by using an efficient (EV), semi-efficient (SEV), and conventional (CV) sulfur vulcanization systems. This research aims to investigate the effect of vulcanization systems and carbon black content on the vulcanization rate constant, the crosslink density, and the free sulfur content. This research shows the EV system resulting in the fastest vulcanization rate constant (0.0191/second), the lowest overall crosslink density (0.0022 mol.cm -3 ), and the highest percentage of free sulfur content in the EPDM vulcanization (0.40 %). The CV system provides the slowest vulcanization rate constant (0.0061/second) and the highest overall crosslink density (0.0034 mol/cm -3 ). The percentage of free sulfur content in the EPDM vulcanization of CV system is between EV and SEV systems. The SEV system provides the vulcanization with the characteristic of vulcanization rate constant and overall crosslink density between EV and CV systems as well as provides the lowest percentage of free sulfur content (0.29 %). The higher carbon black loading in each vulcanization systems means the lower rate constant of vulcanization and the higher overall crosslink density.

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Construction of a percolation zone for electrostatic discharge in EPDM/CB composites: A comprehensive mechanism to attain the optimum physico‐mechanical properties

Buhari,

Manikkedath V.,

G. T.

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

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Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is a critical issue in the automobile industry. ESD can occur due to the rubbing of dissimilar materials, potentially damaging sensitive components. Automakers must use ESD protection to safeguard the reliability of the components. In this scenario, the automotive industries demand for suitable materials to address this problem. The present study focuses on the development of EPDM rubber composites with low‐volume resistivity and optimized physico‐mechanical properties, which are the vital parameters to be addressed in electrostatic discharge for automotive applications. EPDM rubber composites were cured by sulfur and peroxide with a special‐grade conductive carbon black (CB). These composites were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The dispersion of conductive CB in the polymer matrix was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The BET adsorption technique was employed to investigate the specific surface area and porosity of CB. The ESD behavior of the composites was evaluated by measuring the volume resistivity(ASTM D257). The Studies reveal that the developed material has moderate physico‐mechanical properties and consistent thermal stability. Above all, the conductivity offered by the composite is adequate for ESD applications.Highlights Developed sulfur‐cured EPDM rubber composite with low‐volume resistivity. Peroxide cured EPDM rubber has higher thermal stability than sulfur‐cured one. Carbon black (CB) with a high surface area can easily form a conductive network. A good conductive network is formed at the percolation zone. The hardness of the EPDM composite increases with the loading of CB.

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Effect of vulcanization system and carbon black on mechanical and swelling properties of EPDM blends

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Curing characteristics, swelling, and mechanical properties of natural rubber/nitrile butadiene rubber blends with and without compatibilizer

Curing characteristics, swelling, and mechanical properties of natural rubber/nitrile butadiene rubber blends with and without compatibilizer

Determination of vulcanization rate constant, crosslink density, and free sulfur content on carbon black flled EPDM

Construction of a percolation zone for electrostatic discharge in EPDM/CB composites: A comprehensive mechanism to attain the optimum physico‐mechanical properties

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