Effect of Water Stress on the Rate of Non-suberized Impervious Tissue Formation Following Wounding in<i>Abies grandis</i>

Puritch, George S.; Mullick, D. B.

doi:10.1093/jxb/26.6.903

Cited by 49 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…cupressi and inhibiting its development, were found to accumulate more slowly and at lower concentrations in water stressed plants as compared to controls [119]. The process of formation of the necrophylactic periderm, an active defense barrier against pathogen colonisation, was shown to be delayed in water stressed tissues [163]. Consistent with these findings, is the longer window of wound susceptibility to canker pathogens in stressed trees than in well-watered trees [133] and patterns of callusing in various hosts in response to infection and water stress [7,17].…”

Section: Interaction Effects Through Host Predisposition To Disease Bmentioning

confidence: 92%

Interactive effects of drought and pathogens in forest trees

et al. 2006

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-This review synthesizes the available knowledge on drought-disease interactions in forest trees with a focus on (1) evidence and patterns of drought-disease interactions, (2) current understanding of processes and mechanisms, and (3) three well documented cases studies. The first part is based on the analysis of a database of slightly more than one hundred studies, obtained by keyword searches combining drought, diseases or pathogens, and forest trees. A large majority of published studies referred to a positive association between drought and disease, i.e. disease favoured by drought or drought and disease acting synergistically on tree health status, with a predominance of canker/dieback diseases, caused by pathogens like Botryosphaeria, Sphaeropsis, Cytospora and Biscognauxia (Hypoxylon). The type of disease-related variables (incidence vs. severity) and the intensity and timing of water stress were shown to be significant factors affecting the drought-infection interaction. Interactions with other abiotic stresses and species-specific and genetic effects, related to host or pathogen, have also been reported. Direct effects of drought on pathogens are generally negative, although most fungal pathogens exhibit an important plasticity and can grow at water potentials well below the minimum for growth of their host plants. Studies on indirect effects of drought on pathogens through other community interactions are still relatively scarce. Positive drought-infection effects can mostly be explained by indirect effects of drought on host physiology. The predisposition and the multiple stress hypotheses are presented, as well as recent developments in the study of the molecular basis of abiotic and biotic stress, and their interactions. Sphaeropsis sapinea on pines, Biscognauxia mediterranea on oaks and root pathogens in declines associated with drought provide illustrative examples, treated as case studies, of pathogens of current significance associated with drought. The conclusion highlights some knowledge gaps, e.g. the role of latent parasites and the shift to a pathogenic stage, or the genetics of some fungal groups. The need for prevention of pathogen dispersal, especially crucial in the case of latent pathogens, is emphasized. drought / water stress / pathogenic fungi / predisposition / forest trees Résumé -Interactions entre sécheresse et agents pathogènes chez les arbres forestiers. Cette revue synthétise les connaissances actuelles sur les interactions entre sécheresse et maladies chez les arbres forestiers, avec trois grandes parties : (1) description des types d'interaction ; (2) connaissances acquises sur les mécanismes impliqués ; (3) trois études de cas bien étudiées. La première partie est basée sur l'analyse d'une base de données d'une centaine d'études, sélectionnées par recherche sur mots clés. La plupart de ces études se rapportent à des maladies favorisées par la sécheresse ou à un effet synergique entre sécheresse et maladie sur l'état sanitaire des arbres, avec une prédominance de m...

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Section: Interaction Effects Through Host Predisposition To Disease Bmentioning

confidence: 92%

Interactive effects of drought and pathogens in forest trees

et al. 2006

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“…Water potentials of -2 MPa or less are commonly experienced by trees under dry summer conditions (stated in Puritch and Mullick, 1975). Under moderate stress, constitutive (nonwounded control) levels of monoterpene cyclase activity were unaltered; however, the ability to respond to wounding (at the level of geranyl PPi cyclization capacity) was reduced by approximately half compared to wounded but unstressed (-0.7 MPa; 36% soil moisture) controls (Fig.…”

Section: Lmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…6), suggesting an intricate mechanism for regulation of wound-inducible oleoresinosis that can be moderated by other physiological stress conditions. Water stress greatly inhibits net photosynthesis in grand fir (Puritch, 1973) and also retards the formation of nonsuberized impervious tissues in mechanically injured grand fir stem (Puritch and Mullick, 1975), an important step in wound healing. Additionally, a normal rate of nonsuberized impervious tissue formation was restored upon alleviation of the water-stress conditions (Puritch andMullick, 1975).…”

Section: Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oleoresinosis in Grand Fir (Abies grandis) Saplings and Mature Trees (Modulation of this Wound Response by Light and Water Stresses)

et al. 1993

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The stem content of diterpene resin acids (rosin) increases dramatically following wounding of grand fir (Abies grandis) saplings, but the level of monoterpene olefins (turpentine) in the stem decreases following injury, in spite of a significant increase in monoterpene cyclase (synthase) activity. However, this observation was explained when rapid evaporative losses of the volatile monoterpenes from the wound site was demonstrated by trapping experiments, a finding consistent with a role of turpentine as a solvent for the mobilization and deposition of rosin to seal the injury. Mature forest trees responded to stem wounding by the enhancement of monoterpene cyclization capacity in a manner similar to 2-year-old grand fir saplings raised in the greenhouse. Light and water stresses greatly reduced the constitutive level of monoterpene cyclase activity and abolished the wound-induced response. The diminution in monoterpene biosynthetic capacity was correlated with a dramatic decrease in cyclase protein as demonstrated by immunoblotting. Relief of stress conditions resulted in the restoration of cyclase activity (both constitutive and wound induced) to control levels. The results of these experiments indicate that grand fir saplings are a suitable model for studies of the regulation of defensive oleoresinosis in conifers.

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“…Water deficit can also alter source production and sink strength in conifers (51). When wounded and nonwounded grand fir saplings were subjected to moderate water deficit (-2.1 mPa; 18% soil moisture), the level of constitutive terpene cyclization activity was unaltered.…”

Section: Influences Of Development and Stresses On Oleoresinosismentioning

confidence: 99%