Effect of xylazine, detomidine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine during laparoscopic SCNT embryo transfer on pregnancy rate and some physiological variables in goats

Abstract

Background The present study was conducted to determine if using α2-adrenergic agonists results in decreased stress levels (lower cortisol levels) in goats used for laparoscopic embryo [somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)] transfer; and there is an effect on pregnancy rate when stress levels are lessened. Sixty healthy does aged 24 ± 4 months and weighing 30 ± 3 kg were used in experimental, prospective, randomized and blinded study. In this study, embryos were obtained by the Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) method. Animals were randomly assigned to five groups: control (normal saline); xylazine (100 μg kg− 1); detomidine (50 μg kg− 1); medetomidine (20 μg kg− 1); and dexmedetomidine (5 μg kg− 1). Embryo transfer (through laparoscopic technique) began at 15 min and continued till 45 min post-treatment. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), and ruminal motility were performed before (baseline) and after drug administration. Pregnancy detection was performed 38 days after embryo transfer. Results Compared to control, HR, RR and ruminal motility were significantly lower in α2-adrenergic agonists groups at 5–90, 15–60, and 5–120 min, respectively. Serum cortisol values significantly increased from baseline in the control group 45 min after drug administration (p = 0.001). At time points 45 and 60 min, serum cortisol concentration was significantly lower in α2-adrenergic agonists groups compared with the control. The pregnancy rate in control group (n = 4/12, 33.3%) was significantly lower than xylazine (n = 9/12, 75%; p = 0.041), detomidine (n = 10/12, 83.3%; p = 0.013), medetomidine (n = 9/12, 75%; p = 0.041) and dexmedetomidine (n = 10/12, 83.3%; p = 0.013); but no significant differences were observed among different α2-adrenergic agonists groups. Conclusion Alph2-adrenergic agonists were effective on increasing the pregnancy rate of recipient goats receiving cloned embryos. No significant differences were detected among different α2-adrenergic agonists.

xylazine, ketamine and propofol general anesthesia for laparoscopic intervention in goats

“…On the contrary Kutter et al, 2006 stated that there is a significant reduction in respiratory rate between 5-30 minutes after administration, furthermore, these drugs has a significant decrease in heart rate up to 60 minutes after injection. On the other hand the results of this work coincide with Kutter et al, 2006Aghamiri et al, 2022 who stated that the animals restore ruminal motility, appetite and the attitude of urination and defecation within 120 minutes after administration of the anesthetic protocol. The results of this article stated that the satisfactory visualization and manipulation of the internal viscera was achieved through pneumoperitoneim through insufflation of Co2 as well as the dorsal recumbency with Trendelenburg position by 20 degree.…”

“…While significant decrease in respiratory rate was recorded between 10-20 minutes after anesthetic induction. This come in contact with that reported by Aghamiri et al, 2022 Who mentioned that the balanced anesthetic regimen involved the combination of xylazine, ketamine and propofol anesthetic drugs to achieve total intravenous general anesthesia with minimal negative effect of individual drugs on the cardiopulmonary function. On the contrary Kutter et al, 2006 stated that there is a significant reduction in respiratory rate between 5-30 minutes after administration, furthermore, these drugs has a significant decrease in heart rate up to 60 minutes after injection.…”

Tannic acid reduced apparent protein digestibility and induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response without altering growth performance and ruminal microbiota diversity of Xiangdong black goats

“…In addition, the reverse responses of CORT (increase) and CHE (decrease) to TA supplementation were noticed, supported by a prior study in which CHE inhibition induced the elevation of CORT level ( 49 ). Further, the higher level of CORT in TAL could reflect an escalated degree of stress ( 50 ), and the lower GR concentration in TAH might imply the decrease of antioxidative ability ( 51 ). Adding TA at 0.6% of DM raised the total antioxidant T-AOC in this trial, which was consistent with the finding of Yang et al ( 5 ) that the plasma T-AOC was increased by the inclusion of 0.65, 1.3, and 2.6% TA.…”

Comparing the effects of intravenous injection and intranasal atomisation of detomidine in sheep

“…In the study by Aghamiri et al (2022), the effects of xylazine, detomidine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine were investigated during laparoscopic SCNT embryo transfer on pregnancy rate and some physiological variables in goats. Their findings revealed that serum cortisol concentration significantly decreased in the α2-adrenergic agonists groups at the time points of 45 and 60 min (Aghamiri et al, 2022).…”

“…In the study by Aghamiri et al (2022), the effects of xylazine, detomidine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine were investigated during laparoscopic SCNT embryo transfer on pregnancy rate and some physiological variables in goats. Their findings revealed that serum cortisol concentration significantly decreased in the α2-adrenergic agonists groups at the time points of 45 and 60 min (Aghamiri et al, 2022). In another paper, the level of cortisol in a detomidine-administered cattle was evaluated, where the authors found that in all groups, the level of plasma cortisol declined (Gnanasekar et al, 2019).…”