Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized by a precipitation method on mechanical and morphological properties of the CR foam

Abstract

ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by a precipitation method in aqueous media from zinc nitrate hexahydrate and sodium hydroxide. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles exhibited a crystalline structure with hexagonal structure of the wurtzite. The morphology of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles presented a spherical shape with the average primary size of 54.53 nm and the specific surface area of 20.28 m 2 g −1 . The effect of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles by the precipitation method as a crosslinking agent for chloroprene rubber foam (CR foam) on cure characteristics, mechanical properties and morphologies was investigated. The aim of this study is to vary the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles' level in the range of 0.5-5 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr) compared with the conventional ZnO at 5 phr. The rheological characterization showed that the maximum torque (M H ), the minimum torque (M L ), the differential torque (M H -M L ) and Mooney viscosity increased with the increase in synthesized ZnO nanoparticles' content, whereas the optimum cure time (t 90 ) and scorch time (T 5) decreased. On the other hand, the mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength and specific gravity were improved. For CR foam, the results compared to the amount of conventional ZnO, only 60 wt% (3 phr) nano-ZnO was enough to obtain similar cure characteristics and mechanical properties. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles showed the mechanical properties higher than conventional ZnO because of small particle size and large specific surface area which led to the increase in the degree of crosslinking.

The Synergy of Double Cross-linking Agents on the Properties of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Foams

“…Because of these excellent properties, they have been used in many applications, including thermal and sound insulators, packaging, electromagnetic shielding materials, structural components and medical devices45. In recent years, elastic foams have been successful made from styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)6, poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) (EVA)7, poly(ethylene propylene diene) (EPDM)8, natural rubber (NR)9, polyurethane (PU)10 and polychloroprene rubber (CR)11. The literature review revealed that the rubber foams were mainly studied from two aspects: (a) their morphology, microstructure and resultant properties; (b) Physical and mechanical properties such as density, hardness, rebound resilience, compression set, tensile strength, tear strength and elongation at break.…”

Induction and evaluation of inflammatory markers by zinc oxide nanoparticles: A comparative study using in vitro and in vivo approaches.

“…Recent literatures suggest that there are many advantages of using Zebrafish for toxicity studies. Certain advantages include easy maintenance and breeding, small size and transparency of embryo making it a better model for toxicity studies [8][9][10].…”

“…Although, fin is a complex appendage it has the ability to regenerate after amputation. Exposure to harmful substances can affect the regeneration capacity of Zebrafish which can be a useful measure of nanotoxicity [9,10]. 7Cardiotoxicity assay: One of the major concerns of drug trials is the organ toxicity.…”

“…Zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized by chemical precipitation method using zinc nitrate hexahydrate and sodium hydroxide as precursors [10]. Green chemistry approach was used to prepare zinc oxide nanoparticles where neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) was used as pre cursor material [11][12][13][14].…”

An Efficient ZnO‐Nanoparticle‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Chemoselective Synthesis of Novel Functionalized 4H‐Chromenes in Aqueous Medium

“…ZnO nanoparticle was prepared by precipitation method as reported, [19] and the synthesized ZnO NP was characterized by FT-IR, powder-XRD, UV and SEM respectively.…”