Effect-Size Estimates: Issues and Problems in Interpretation

Fern, Edward F.; Monroe, Kent B.

doi:10.1086/209469

Cited by 247 publications

(206 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Thus, the Proc Mixed procedure with fixed and random effects was used to analyze these 2 measures. Instead of estimating effect sizes using the common index of partial 2 , given that we used the mixed-effect models with fixed and random effects, we estimated effect sizes by the intraclass coefficient (ICC), which has been recommended to be more suitable for models that include random effects and/or repeated measures designs (Fern and Monroe, 1996;Maxwell et al, 1981). Given the well-established female superiority in episodic memory (see Herlitz and Rehnman, 2008, for review) and earlier findings indicating that the BDNF polymorphism contributes to individual differences in episodic memory Hariri et al, 2003;Li et al, 358.e4 S.-C. Li et al / Neurobiology of Aging 34 (2013) 358.e1-358.e10 2010), both sex and the BDNF polymorphism were used as covariates in all subsequent analyses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging magnifies the effects of dopamine transporter and D2 receptor genes on backward serial memory

Papenberg

Nagel

et al. 2013

Neurobiology of Aging

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Aging compromises dopamine transporter (DAT) and receptor mechanisms in the frontostriatal circuitry. In a sample of 1288 younger and older adults, we investigated (i) whether individual differences in genotypes of the DAT gene (i.e., SLC6A3, the DAT variable number of tandem repeat 9/9, 9/10, and 10/10) and in the D2 receptor (DRD2) gene (i.e., the C957T [rs6277] CC and any T) interactively contribute to phenotype variations in episodic memory performance; and (ii) whether these genetic effects are magnified in older adults, because of considerable declines in the dopamine functions. Our results showed that carrying genotypes associated with higher levels of striatal synaptic dopamine (DAT 9/9) and higher density of extrastriatal D2 receptors (C957T CC) were associated with better backward serial recall, an episodic memory task with high encoding and retrieval demands. Critically, the gene-gene interaction effect was reliably stronger in older than in younger adults. In line with the resource modulation hypothesis, our findings suggest that aging-related decline in brain phenotypes (e.g., dopamine functions) could alter the relations between genotypes and behavioral phenotypes (e.g., episodic memory).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging magnifies the effects of dopamine transporter and D2 receptor genes on backward serial memory

Papenberg

Nagel

et al. 2013

Neurobiology of Aging

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“…The importance of this research, however, should not be judged by the magnitude of effect sizes. Like most consumer behavior research, our research selected the levels of the factors systematically based on theoretical considerations, which in the first place makes the effect-size estimates less informative for judging theoretical importance (see Fern and Monroe [1996] for a discussion of the difference between these models and the implications to effect sizes). Moreover, our findings provide evidence contrasting the viewpoint that existing theoretical frameworks on subjective experience effects (e.g., mood, metacognitive experience) have limited applicability in the choice domain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mood and Comparative Judgment: Does Mood Influence Everything and Finally Nothing?

Qiu¹,

Yeung²

2008

J Consum Res

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Research indicates that mood can influence evaluation of a product when considered in isolation. However, little is known about its influence on comparisons among several alternatives. Four experiments assessed the nature of this influence. When evaluating each option individually upon encountering it, happy participants reported greater preferences for the first encountered option than unhappy participants. When withholding evaluations until having seen all options, however, happy participants reported greater preferences for the last encountered option than unhappy participants. Which comparison strategy was employed, and consequently the impact of mood on preferences, depended on the similarity of choice alternatives in terms of appearance versus descriptive features.T he affect that consumers happen to be experiencing at the time they evaluate a stimulus can provide information about their liking for the stimulus and, therefore, can influence their evaluation of it. Research in both social psychology and consumer judgment has demonstrated this influence and has circumscribed the conditions in which the effect occurs

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“…This statistic focuses on between-group differences in experimental research and is suitable for contrasting two groups on dependent variables that are not operationalized in the same way. Effect sizes based on correlations, which are sometimes used in meta-analytic reviews, are especially recommended for estimating relationships in survey data (e.g., Fern and Monroe 1996).…”

Section: Meta-analytic Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the sunk-cost effect in economic decision-making: a meta-analytic review

Roth

Robbert

Straus

2014

Bus Res

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Although the effect of monetary sunk costs on decision-making is widely discussed, research is still fragmented, and results are sometimes controversial. One reason for this incomplete picture is the missing differentiation between the effect of sunk costs on utilization and progress decisions and its respective moderators. This article presents the results of a meta-analytic review of 98 effect sizes of the sunk-cost effect, with special emphasis on the decision-specific influence of moderators. The results show clear evidence that the sunk-cost effect emerges, though its effect size and the influence of the moderators are contingent on the respective decision type. In particular, we find support for the idea that the sunkcost effect is attenuated by time in utilization decisions. The results also reveal that older adults are less likely to fall prey to the sunk-cost effect than younger adults.

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Effect-Size Estimates: Issues and Problems in Interpretation

Cited by 247 publications

References 45 publications

Aging magnifies the effects of dopamine transporter and D2 receptor genes on backward serial memory

Aging magnifies the effects of dopamine transporter and D2 receptor genes on backward serial memory

Mood and Comparative Judgment: Does Mood Influence Everything and Finally Nothing?

On the sunk-cost effect in economic decision-making: a meta-analytic review

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