Effective and accurate use of difference in mean volume backscattering strength to identify fish and plankton

Kang, Myounghee; Furusawa, Masahiko; Miyashita, Kazushi

doi:10.1006/jmsc.2002.1229

Cited by 122 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…For example, in a mission south of Catalina Is., CA in September, 2013, there was an acoustic scattering layer at approximately 300 m. At the range this feature is sampled, the ship-based sensor had a horizontal footprint of 37-40 m while the AUV sensor, flying 4 m above the layer, had a footprint of 0.6-3.7 m. The increased resolution means one can now resolve individuals rather than simply the layer at these depths ( Figure 3). The multiple frequencies also allow for classification of the individuals into taxonomic categories and size estimates [30,31]. This system, therefore, makes it possible to examine the biology of animals in the mesopelagic zone in ways previously only possible in the upper ocean.…”

Section: Advantages Of Using An Auv As a Platform For Echosoundersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensor Fusion and Autonomy as a Powerful Combination for Biological Assessment in the Marine Environment

Moline

Benoit‐Bird

2016

Robotics

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Abstract:The ocean environment and the physical and biological processes that govern dynamics are complex. Sampling the ocean to better understand these processes is difficult given the temporal and spatial domains and sampling tools available. Biological systems are especially difficult as organisms possess behavior, operate at horizontal scales smaller than traditional shipboard sampling allows, and are often disturbed by the sampling platforms themselves. Sensors that measure biological processes have also generally not kept pace with the development of physical counterparts as their requirements are as complex as the target organisms. Here, we attempt to address this challenge by advocating the need for sensor-platform combinations to integrate and process data in real-time and develop data products that are useful in increasing sampling efficiencies. Too often, the data of interest is only garnered after post-processing after a sampling effort and the opportunity to use that information to guide sampling is lost. Here we demonstrate a new autonomous platform, where data are collected, analyzed, and data products are output in real-time to inform autonomous decision-making. This integrated capability allows for enhanced and informed sampling towards improving our understanding of the marine environment.

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Section: Advantages Of Using An Auv As a Platform For Echosoundersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensor Fusion and Autonomy as a Powerful Combination for Biological Assessment in the Marine Environment

Moline

Benoit‐Bird

2016

Robotics

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“…33) Therefore, the frequency response obtained by a multi-frequency echo sounder 21,34) , is theoretically reasonable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section and Total Scattering Strengths of Individual Fish Schools

Furusawa

2011

J. Marine Acoust. Soc. Jpn.

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“…Volume scattering was averaged over cells of 5 m depth and 5 echoes wide from 5 m below the surface to 0.5 m from the bottom or to 100 m depth, whichever was shallower. The binned volume scattering at 38 kHz was subtracted from that at 120 kHz to categorize data as either swimbladdered fish or euphausiids based on the observed frequency response (Kang et al 2002, Korneliussen & Ona 2002. Cells designated as 'fish' had a S v120 to S v38 in the range of −9.3 to 9.3 dB; cells categorized as 'euphausiids' were within the range of 9.3 to 30 dB (De Robertis 2010). ])…”

Section: Acoustic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nested scales of spatial heterogeneity in juvenile walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma in the southeastern Bering Sea

Benoit‐Bird¹,

McIntosh²,

Heppell³

2013

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We sought to characterize the distribution of juvenile walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma in an area of intense predator−prey interactions and to describe habitat features that lead to their observed distributions. The distribution of juvenile walleye pollock around the Pribilof Islands in the southeastern Bering Sea in 2008 and 2009 was patchy, at spatial scales ranging from a few meters to several 10s of kilometers. These patches, and the spaces between them, were hierarchically nested with small, dense patches clustered together into larger aggregations which were further aggregated over the region sampled. Vertical physical habitat structure affected the vertical distribution of juvenile pollock similarly in both years. However, despite largely similar physical characteristics in both years, there were significant differences between years in the horizontal distribution, patch structure, and abundance of juvenile pollock. In neither year did biological or physical environment characteristics explain the broad-scale variability in the horizontal distribution of juvenile pollock, but at small horizontal scales a behavioral component was evident, with fish changing their group coherence as conditions changed despite consistent group sizes. It is clear that if we are to understand the processes that drive the distribution of juvenile pollock, we must consider multiple scales of heterogeneity. Only then will we begin to understand the role of pollock in the ecosystem and be able to predict the consequences of large sources of variability such as climate change, a critical question in the rapidly changing physical and biological environment of the Bering Sea.

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Effective and accurate use of difference in mean volume backscattering strength to identify fish and plankton

Cited by 122 publications

References 17 publications

Sensor Fusion and Autonomy as a Powerful Combination for Biological Assessment in the Marine Environment

Sensor Fusion and Autonomy as a Powerful Combination for Biological Assessment in the Marine Environment

Section and Total Scattering Strengths of Individual Fish Schools

Nested scales of spatial heterogeneity in juvenile walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma in the southeastern Bering Sea

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