Effective and Efficient Breakwater Design for Trading Vessels and FPSOS

Abstract

Breakwaters obviously need to fulfill their function (protecting sensitive structures or cargo) while at the same time remaining intact and imposing manageable loads onto supporting structure. It goes without saying that such breakwaters should be cost effective, so that complex designs with extensive welding may not be preferable. In this paper the authors discuss green water loading on breakwaters for trading vessels like container ships which have forward speed and FPSOs which have zero speed. Different generic designs of V shape, vane type, double skin with and without holes, and forward sloping forecastle (whaleback deck) breakwaters applied to trading vessels are discussed. Guidelines for modeling green water horizontal loading on breakwaters of FPSOs and trading vessels using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques are provided. The paper will also include a review of breakwater design criteria in rules and regulations.

Design of Breakwaters to Minimize Greenwater Loading on Bow Structures of Fixed Vessels

“…The other two designs also show a rise in pressure at this point. This sudden surge in pressure can be supported by the conclusion made by Pham and Varyani [23]. In their analyses, it was noted that the confronting angle of breakwater increased the take-off angle of the over-riding water jet after it impacted the breakwater.…”

“…This design of the breakwater is exactly the same as that of the windshield breakwater, except that, instead of solid plates, it now has perforations in it. The introduction of holes to the breakwater was inspired by Varyani et al [23], and the main parameters that determine this design include the locations and diameter of the perforations on the plate. Figure 7 shows the half-width symmetric front view of the design with the essential dimensions.…”

Design of Breakwaters to Minimize Greenwater Loading on Bow Structures of Fixed Floating Vessels

“…Other two designs also show a rise in pressure at this point. This sudden surge in pressure can be supported by the conclusion made by Pham and Varyani [21]. In their analyses, it was noted that the confronting angle of breakwater increased the take-off angle of the over-riding water jet after it impacted the breakwater.…”

“…This design of the breakwater is exactly the same as that of windshield breakwater, except that instead of solid plates, it now has perforations in it. The introduction of holes to the breakwater was inspired by Varyani et al [21], and the main parameters that determine this design include the locations and diameter of the perforations on the plate. Figure 7 shows the half-width symmetric front view of the design with essential dimensions.…”

Whaleback forecastle for reducing green water loading on high-speed container vessels

“…* Corresponding author. Email: k.s.varyani@na-me.ac.uk Generally, the inclusion of breakwater onboard greatly helps to reduce the green water loading on deck containers (Varyani et al 2004Pham and Varyani 2005, 2006, 2008.…”