Effective antimicrobial materials based on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles

Rojas, Karina; Canales, Daniel; Amigó, Nicolás; Montoille, Lissette; Cament, Alejandro; Rivas, Lina; Cháfer, Amparo; Reyes, Pablo; Ulloa, María Teresa; Ribes‐Greus, A.; Zapata, Paula Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.05.054

Cited by 89 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The amorphous layers near the surface can accommodate more water molecules, resulting in a greater release of active agent. A similar behavior was obtained from the silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles [8,10]. The active agent release from LDPE + β-CD+active compound increased slowly during the first weeks (1-6) due to the slow migration of active agent through the β-CD and the amorphous part of the specimen films.…”

Section: Active Agent Releasesupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Several studies have been reported based on polyethylene as a matrix with the incorporation of organic and inorganic nanoparticles as active agents. The preparation of nanocomposites based on polyethylene (PE) with the incorporation of nanoparticles such as silver (10 nm, 5 wt %) [8], copper (10-40 nm, 5 wt %), TiO 2 [9], or ZnO [10] has been reported. The nanocomposites with silver and copper incorporation show biocidal activity close to 99.9% against Escherichia coli [11], but these nanoparticles have some disadvantages that have not been reported, such as innocuity and toxicity in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fungicides Films of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)/Inclusion Complexes (Carvacrol and Cinnamaldehyde) Against Botrytis Cinerea

et al. 2019

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Low density polyethylene (LDPE) films were prepared with the incorporation of natural agents (carvacrol and trans-cinnamaldehyde) by the melting process. The co-precipitation method was used successfully to complex the carvacrol or trans-cinnamaldehyde with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). The active compounds encapsulated in β-CD achieved ca. 90% encapsulation efficiency (E.E.). The inclusion complex studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) found particles of different sizes, ca. 4 μm. The active compounds were added directly (1 and 5 wt %) into the polymer matrix, yielding LDPE + carvacrol and LDPE + cinnamaldehyde films. The active compounds encapsulated in β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) were added to LDPE, yielding LDPE + β-CD-carvacrol and LDPE + β-CD-cinnamaldehyde films. The incorporation of carvacrol and trans-cinnamaldehyde, and their corresponding inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin, did not affect the thermal properties of LDPE. The microcapsules distributed in all polymer matrices had sizes of 5–20 μm as shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In terms of mechanical properties, the polymers showed a slight decrease of Young’s modulus (12%) and yield stress compared (14%) to neat LDPE. This could be due to the essential oil acting as a plasticizer in the polymer matrix. The LDPE + carvacrol and LDPE + cinnamaldehyde films had the capacity to inhibit fungi by 99% compared to neat LDPE. The effectiveness against fungi of LDPE+β-CD + active agent was slower than by the direct incorporation of the essential oil in the LDPE in the same amount of active agent. The biocidal properties were related to the gradual release of active compound from the polymer. The results confirm the applicability of carvacrol, trans-cinnamaldehyde, and their corresponding inclusion complexes in active packaging, as well as their use in the food delivery industry.

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Section: Active Agent Releasesupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungicides Films of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)/Inclusion Complexes (Carvacrol and Cinnamaldehyde) Against Botrytis Cinerea

et al. 2019

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“…The mechanisms can be based on either catalytic biocidal activities or the release of some active agents from the nanoparticles. Examples of antimicrobial nanoparticles used as fillers are silver [ 8 ]; copper [ 9 ]; and, recently, TiO 2 and ZnO nanoparticles [ 10 , 11 ], which have been incorporated into polyolefins such as polyethylene. From the different polymer matrices, polyolefins such as polyethylene are highlighted due to their broad range of applications in packaging and medicines [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Antimicrobial Polyethylene Composites with CaO Nanoparticles

et al. 2020

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Low-density polyethylene composites containing different sizes of calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticles were obtained by melt mixing. The CaO nanoparticles were synthesized by either the sol-gel or sonication methods, obtaining two different sizes: ca. 55 nm and 25 nm. These nanoparticles were used either as-synthesized or were modified organically on the surface with oleic acid (Mod-CaO), at concentrations of 3, 5, and 10 wt% in the polymer. The Mod-CaO nanoparticles of 25 nm can act as nucleating agents, increasing the polymer’s crystallinity. The Young’s Modulus increased with the Mod-CaO nanoparticles, rendering higher reinforcement effects with an increase as high as 36%. The reduction in Escherichia coli bacteria in the nanocomposites increased with the amount of CaO nanoparticles, the size reduction, and the surface modification. The highest antimicrobial behavior was found in the composites with a Mod-CaO of 25 nm, presenting a reduction of 99.99%. This strong antimicrobial effect can be associated with the release of the Ca2+ from the composites, as studied for the composite with 10 wt% nanoparticles. The ion release was dependent on the size of the nanoparticles and their surface modification. These findings show that CaO nanoparticles are an excellent alternative as an antimicrobial filler in polymer nanocomposites to be applied for food packaging or medical devices.

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“…When the melt-mixing method was used, the elongation at break decreased 10% with 1.5 wt.% ZnO. 18 In LDPE/ZnO nanocomposites obtained by melt compounding, 17 the Young's modulus increase was of 9% for an incorporation of ZnO of 3%, also inferior to the one obtained by in situ polymerization for the same amount of particles incorporation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…LDPE/ZnO composites with mean particle sizes on the order of 770 nm showed antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 7 Recently, Zapata and co-workers 17 obtained LDPE/ZnO and LDPE/ZnO modified with oleic acid by melt compounding. The nanocomposites showed increase of Young's modulus and antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)/ZnO Nanocomposites Obtained by in situ Polymerization

Pavoski¹,

Kalikoski²,

Souza³

et al. 2020

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Nanostructured zinc oxide (ZnO) prepared by combustion in solution was used to obtain nanocomposites. The ZnO particles were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), showing crystallite size of 32 nm and a superficial area of 32.6 m 2 g -1 . Nanocomposites with 1, 3, and 5 wt.% of ZnO in the polymeric matrix were obtained using the in situ polymerization of ethylene with catalytic activities between 1500-1700 kg (mol Zr h P E ) -1 . The high-density polyethylene nanocomposites (PEZnO) were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), SEM, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The nanocomposites with 1 wt.% ZnO gave excellent mechanical properties, and all were active against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria.

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Effective antimicrobial materials based on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles

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Cited by 89 publications

References 24 publications

Fungicides Films of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)/Inclusion Complexes (Carvacrol and Cinnamaldehyde) Against Botrytis Cinerea

Fungicides Films of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)/Inclusion Complexes (Carvacrol and Cinnamaldehyde) Against Botrytis Cinerea

Mechanical and Antimicrobial Polyethylene Composites with CaO Nanoparticles

Antimicrobial High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)/ZnO Nanocomposites Obtained by in situ Polymerization

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