Effective Attentional Filtering By The Union Of Two Distinct Colors: Eye-Tracking Evidence

Becker, Mark W.; Alzahabi, Reem; Jelinek, Sara

doi:10.1167/11.11.1328

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…When participants were cued to search for the target first among items of one color and then among items of another color, there was a switch cost when participants switched between ACSs such that the fixation duration just prior to fixating an item of a new color was longer than typical. But when participants were cued to search for the target among items of both colors, there was no switch cost, indicating that participants maintained two search templates simultaneously (see also Becker et al, 2011 for a similar finding). These results, along with other results using the contingent attentional capture paradigm (Adamo et al, 2008; Irons et al, 2011; Moore & Weissman, 2010), suggest that participants can set their attention for more than one feature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In those studies, it was found that participants can use two different features to guide search (Adamo et al, 2008; Beck et al, in press; Irons et al, 2011; Moore & Weissman, 2010). In some cases, participants were just as efficient in constraining search based on one vs. two features (Beck et al, in press; Becker et al, 2011; Moore & Weissman, 2010). To the extent that visual search involves the enhancement of feature-specific sensory responses (Bichot et al, 2005), these studies could imply that early sensory responses can be modulated for two features efficiently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Limited featured-based attention to multiple features

2013

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Attending to a feature (e.g., color or motion direction) can enhance the early visual processing of that feature. However, it is not known whether one can simultaneously enhance multiple features. We examined people's ability to attend to multiple features in a feature cueing paradigm. Each trial contained two intervals consisting of a random dot motion stimulus. One interval (noise) had 0% coherence (no net motion), while the other interval (signal) moved in a particular direction with varying levels of coherence. Participants reported which interval contained the signal in one of three cueing conditions. In the one-cue condition, a line segment preceded the stimuli indicating the direction of the signal with 100% validity. In the two-cue condition, two lines preceded the stimuli, indicating the signal would move in one of the two cued directions. In the no-cue condition, no line segment appeared before the dot stimuli. In several experiments, we consistently observed a lower detection threshold in the one-cue condition than the no-cue condition, showing that participants can enhance processing of a single feature. However, detection threshold was consistently higher for the two-cue than one-cue condition, indicating that participants could not simultaneously enhance two motion directions as effectively as one direction. This finding revealed a severe capacity limit in our ability to enhance early visual processing for multiple features.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited featured-based attention to multiple features

2013

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“…Two of these studies tracked eye movements while people performed a difficult visual search and found that people were able to constrain overt attention to objects that matched either of two colors that were cued. In addition, the pattern and timing of eye movements suggest that the attentional control settings for both colors were operating simultaneously (Beck, Hollingworth, & Luck, 2012;Becker, Alzahabi, & Jelinek, 2011). These experiments demonstrate an ability to apply two attentional control settings across the entire field at once.…”

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confidence: 67%

“…We used two colors, because previous work suggests that color is a particularly effective feature on which to base an attentional control setting (Williams, 1966). Furthermore, work arguing for the ability to simultaneously activate two attentional control settings (Beck, et al, 2012;Becker, et al, 2011;Irons et al, 2012), and those arguing for one's ability to constrain multiple attentional control settings to particular locations used color (Adamo et al, 2010a, b;Adamo, et al, 2008;Parrott, et al, 2010). However, on the basis of this color work, we cannot determine whether the conclusion would hold when the two attentional control settings are defined by features from different dimensions (e.g., color and orientation).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite extensive research investigating the mechanisms guiding the volitional allocation of attention, some fairly fundamental questions about the capabilities of this system have only recently become the focus of research. For instance, recent studies have investigated whether two distinct featurebased attentional control settings can guide attention simultaneously (Beck, Hollingworth, & Luck, 2012;Becker, Alzahabi, & Jelinek, 2011;Irons, Folk, & Remington, 2012). Two of these studies tracked eye movements while people performed a difficult visual search and found that people were able to constrain overt attention to objects that matched either of two colors that were cued.…”

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confidence: 99%

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An inability to set independent attentional control settings by hemifield

Becker

Ravizza

Peltier

2015

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Recent evidence suggests that people can simultaneously activate attentional control setting for two distinct colors. However, it is unclear whether both attentional control settings must operate globally across the visual field or whether each can be constrained to a particular spatial location. Using two different paradigms, we investigated participants' ability to apply independent color attentional control settings to distinct regions of space. In both experiments, participants were told to identify red letters in one hemifield and green letters in the opposite hemifield. Additionally, some trials used a "relevant distractor"-a letter that matched the opposite side's target color. In Experiment 1, eight letters appeared (four per hemifield) simultaneously for a brief amount of time and then were masked. Relevant distractors increased the error rate and resulted in a greater number of distractor intrusions than irrelevant distractors. Similar results were observed in Experiment 2 in which red and green targets were presented in two rapid serial visual presentation streams. Relevant distractors were found to produce an attentional blink similar in magnitude to an actual target. The results of both experiments suggest that letters matching either attentional control setting were selected by attention and were processed as if they were targets, providing strong evidence that both attentional control settings were applied globally, rather than being constrained to a particular location.

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