Effective control of Johne’s disease in large Czech dairy herds

Fichtelová, V.; Králová, Alena; Babák, Vladimír; Kovařčík, K.

doi:10.2478/jvetres-2022-0001

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…Additionally, not all patients with CD harbor intestinal MAP. Furthermore, it is difficult to estimate the percentage of cattle harboring MAP which develop JD due to herd surveillance and pre-emptive culling of infected cattle ( 49 , 50 ), and it is similarly not clear what percentage of humans positive for MAP develop CD. Therefore, it is possible that MAP colonization is responsible for CD within a subset of patients, but separate inflammatory triggers may drive disease in others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and Crohn’s disease: the debate continues

Mintz¹,

Lukin²

2023

Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol

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Crohn’s disease (CD) in humans and Johne’s disease (JD) in ruminants share numerous clinical and pathologic similarities. As Mycobacteria avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is known to fulfill Koch’s postulates as the cause of JD, there has been considerable debate over the past century about whether MAP also plays a role in CD. With recent advances in MAP identification techniques, we can now demonstrate a higher presence of MAP in CD patients compared to the general population. However, it remains unclear if MAP is playing a bystander role or is directly pathogenic in these patients. Studies have shown that there may be an immune response targeting MAP in these patients, which may underlie a pathologic role in CD. Clinical studies have yielded conflicting results as to whether anti-MAP therapy improves clinical outcomes in CD, leading to the lack of its inclusion within evidence-based clinical guidelines. Additionally, many of these studies have been small case series, with only a few randomized controlled trials published to date. In this article, we will discuss the historical context of MAP in CD, review clinical and laboratory data surrounding detection of MAP and possible pathogenesis in human disease, and suggest future directions which may finally provide some clarity to this debate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and Crohn’s disease: the debate continues

Mintz¹,

Lukin²

2023

Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol

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Faecal microbial diversity in a cattle herd infected by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: a possible effect of production status

Elmagzoub,

Idris,

Elnaiem

et al. 2024

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) causes Johne’s disease, or paratuberculosis (PTB) in ruminants, besides having zoonotic potential. It possibly changes the gut microbiome, but no conclusive data are available yet. This study aimed at investigating the influence of MAP on the faecal microbiome of cattle naturally infected with PTB. In a follow up period of 10 months, PTB status was investigated in a herd of dairy cattle with history of clinical cases. Each animal was tested for MAP infection using serum and milk ELISA for MAP anti-bodies and IS900 real-time PCR and recombinase polymerase amplification assays for MAP DNA in the faeces and milk monthly for 4 successive months, then a last one after 6 months. The faecal samples were subjected to 16S rDNA metagenomic analysis using Oxford Nanopore Sequencing Technology. The microbial content was compared between animal groups based on MAP positivity rate and production status. All animals were MAP positive by one or more tests, but two animals were consistently negative for MAP DNA in the faeces. In all animals, the phyla firmicutes and bacteroidetes were highly enriched with a small contribution of proteobacteria, and increased abundance of the families Oscillospiraceae, Planococcaceae, and Streptococcacaceae was noted. Animals with high MAP positivity rate showed comparable faecal microbial content, although MAP faecal positivity had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on the microbiome. Generally, richness and evenness indices decreased with increasing positivity rate. A significantly different microbial content was found between dry cows and heifers (p < 0.05). Particularly, Oscillospiraceae and Rikenellaceae were enriched in heifers, while Planococcaceae and Streptococcaceae were overrepresented in dry cows. Furthermore, abundance of 72 genera was significantly different between these two groups (p < 0.05). Changes in faecal microbiome composition were notably associated with increasing MAP shedding in the faeces. The present findings suggest a combined influence of the production status and MAP on the cattle faecal microbiome. This possibly correlates with the fate of the infection, the concern in disease control, again remains for further investigations.

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Factors that influence dairy farmers’ decisions to implement Johne’s Disease control practices: A systematic review

Morrison,

Rose

2023

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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Effective control of Johne’s disease in large Czech dairy herds

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and Crohn’s disease: the debate continues

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and Crohn’s disease: the debate continues

Faecal microbial diversity in a cattle herd infected by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: a possible effect of production status

Factors that influence dairy farmers’ decisions to implement Johne’s Disease control practices: A systematic review

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