Effective Grid Utilization: A Technical Assessment and Application Guide; April 2011 - September 2012

Abstract

Figure 1. NERC interconnection 3 Trends and Current SituationA long history (detailed in Chapter 1) has brought the U.S. power system to its current set of operating procedures and regulations. Restructuring of the electricity market, mandatory reliability standards, replacing existing generation with renewable resources, and introducing competition have all served to change the way transmission is developed and operated in the United States. When conventional, dispatchable generation resources, such as coal and gas, are replaced by renewable resources, such as wind and solar energy, utilization of transmission capacity becomes more complicated. Often, these new generation resources are not at the same location as retired resources. Presently, transmission networks are fully or nearly fully subscribed in some parts of the grid, and are not fully subscribed in others. The variability of renewable resources further suggests that real-time dispatch of transmission capacity would be more efficient. 4 Research has been conducted on methods to increase utilization of transmission resources by the

A fast LP approach for enhanced utilization of variable impedance based FACTS devices

“…ISO-NE has thirteen installed and three planned FACTS in its territory [30]. Five EPRI-sponsored FACTS devices are currently operating in AEP's territory (Kentucky), BPA (Oregon), CSW (Texas), TVA (Tennessee), and NYPA (New York) [31]. In PJM, Primary Power LCC is developing the Grid Plus project, which involves installation of several FACTS devices.…”