Effective Sounding Depths for HVDC Grounding Electrode Design: Wenner versus Schlumberger Methods

Ruan, Winston; Southey, Robert; Fortin, Simon; Dawalibi, F.P.

doi:10.1109/tdc.2005.1546885

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…However, contrasting to Schlumberger method whose electrodes are non-equidistantly laid out, Wenner method is economically and effectively inferior to Schlumberger either on the aspect of the electrodes that need moving when conducting measurement or on the aspect of the accuracy of measured soil resistivity associated with certain soil depth [13] . The schematic diagram of Schlumberger method is shown as Fig.3.…”

Section: A Four-electrode Methods Measuring Soil Resistivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis on Soil Resistivity Measurement Based on CSAMT

Peng¹,

Xiao²,

Li³

et al. 2011

2011 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference

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Controlled Source Audio-frequency Magneto-telluric (CSAMT) that is used successfully in exploring coal, oil, gas and other resources is a way of geophysical technology, the most important feature of which is that only changing the frequency of field source can soil resistivity of different depth be obtained fully. Firstly, the basic principle of CSAMT for measuring soil resistivity is introduced, and then computer simulation models are built based on CSAMT and Schlumberger method which is accurate and used more nowadays to validate the effectiveness of CSAMT method. On condition of homogeneous half-space, the above models are realized by grounding analyzing engineering package CDEGS. The result shows that the soil resistivity measured by CSAMT can maintain constant in a wide range of frequency and is more close to real value; while the one measured by Schlumberger has a larger error and is even unbelievable when the frequency is higher. So the CSAMT method is more precise than Schlumberger method.

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Section: A Four-electrode Methods Measuring Soil Resistivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis on Soil Resistivity Measurement Based on CSAMT

Peng¹,

Xiao²,

Li³

et al. 2011

2011 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference

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“…The soil model is developed using Wenner tests to obtain the apparent soil resistivity [22][23][24]. To account for Wenner test result variations within an area under test, multiple traverses may be used with soil resistivity measurements made at the same spacings and then applying averaging [3].…”

Section: The Development Of the Seasonal Soil Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel approach to touch voltage risk assessment for gas pipelines in shared transmission corridors

Chan

Baguley

Madawala

2022

IET Science Measure & Tech

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Touch voltages are more likely to appear on long-distance pipelines that lie in shared corridors with transmission lines. The touch voltage level varies with soil resistivity and can become hazardous while maintenance is being undertaken, necessitating risk assessment. Therefore, a novel approach is proposed that achieves better accuracy in the risk assessment of hazardous touch voltages appearing on pipelines than current approaches. The proposed approach incorporates soil resistivity measurements taken over a 1-year period, allowing for the derivation of soil models, touch voltage hazard profiles versus time and, thus, a probability reduction factor that can be integrated into a probabilistic risk calculation. Using a probability reduction factor is a key aspect to improving the accuracy of risk assessment, allowing pipeline asset operators to clearly identify whether or not, risk mitigation action is required. Further, the proposed approach allows appropriate risk mitigation actions to be identified. The efficacy and significance of the proposed approach are demonstrated through a case study on an area of land near a shared gas pipeline and transmission line corridor. The case study results show how appropriate safety levels can be achieved by adjusting the number of work day per year and temporary protection settings.

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“…In fact, oceanographers have used electrical conductivity as the basis for determining salinity for nearly 40 years [5]. Conductivity sensors have also been used in a wide variety of applications unrelated to water quality measurement, such as for monitoring blood flow [6], measuring sweat in order to monitor the physiological condition of humans [7], evaluating the soil used in agriculture [8], and designing grounding systems [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%