Abstract:A simple, effective and environmentally friendly green synthesis was demonstrated to obtain trimetallic Au/Pt/Ag nanoparticles using Lamii albi flos extract. The formed nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by Ultraviolet-Visible, Fourier-Transform Infrared, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, and Atomic Force Microscopy measurements. The applied physicochemical methods indicated that the size of synthesized Au/Pt/Ag NPs was in the range of 35-40 nm. The antimicrobial activity of t… Show more
“…For example, CuO-NiO-ZnO mixed nanoparticles with metal oxide exhibited good antibacterial activity and detrimental effects on E. coli and S. Aureus bacterial strains and nanoparticles (NPs) affixed to the bacterial cell wall exterminate the bacterial cells [ 11 ]. The green-synthesized trimetallic Au-Pt-Ag NPs demonstrated the potential for anti-biofilm and antimicrobial activities against S. aureus , E. Coli , Enterococcus faecium , Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis , [ 12 ]. Metal nanoparticles are divided into monometallic, bimetallic and trimetallic nanoparticles/oxides according to the number of metal precursors involved in the nanoparticle formation.…”
Candida auris is an emergent multidrug-resistant pathogen that can lead to severe bloodstream infections associated with high mortality rates, especially in hospitalized individuals suffering from serious medical problems. As Candida auris is often multidrug-resistant, there is a persistent demand for new antimycotic drugs with novel antifungal action mechanisms. Here, we reported the facile, one-pot, one-step biosynthesis of biologically active Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of Salvia officinalis rich in polyphenols and flavonoids. These medicinally important phytochemicals act as a reducing agent and stabilize/capping in the nanoparticles’ fabrication process. Fourier Transform-Infrared, Scanning electron microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Energy dispersive X-Ray, X-ray powder diffraction and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements were used to classify the as-synthesized nanoparticles. Moreover, we evaluated the antifungal mechanism of as-synthesized nanoparticles against different clinical isolates of C. auris. The minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum fungicidal concentrations ranged from 0.39–0.78 μg/mL and 0.78–1.56 μg/mL. Cell count and viability assay further validated the fungicidal potential of Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles. The comprehensive analysis showed that these trimetallic nanoparticles could induce apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in C. auris. Furthermore, Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles exhibit enhanced antimicrobial properties compared to their monometallic counterparts attributed to the synergistic effect of Ag, Cu and Co present in the as-synthesized nanoparticles. Therefore, the present study suggests that the Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles hold the capacity to be a lead for antifungal drug development against C. auris infections.
“…For example, CuO-NiO-ZnO mixed nanoparticles with metal oxide exhibited good antibacterial activity and detrimental effects on E. coli and S. Aureus bacterial strains and nanoparticles (NPs) affixed to the bacterial cell wall exterminate the bacterial cells [ 11 ]. The green-synthesized trimetallic Au-Pt-Ag NPs demonstrated the potential for anti-biofilm and antimicrobial activities against S. aureus , E. Coli , Enterococcus faecium , Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis , [ 12 ]. Metal nanoparticles are divided into monometallic, bimetallic and trimetallic nanoparticles/oxides according to the number of metal precursors involved in the nanoparticle formation.…”
Candida auris is an emergent multidrug-resistant pathogen that can lead to severe bloodstream infections associated with high mortality rates, especially in hospitalized individuals suffering from serious medical problems. As Candida auris is often multidrug-resistant, there is a persistent demand for new antimycotic drugs with novel antifungal action mechanisms. Here, we reported the facile, one-pot, one-step biosynthesis of biologically active Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of Salvia officinalis rich in polyphenols and flavonoids. These medicinally important phytochemicals act as a reducing agent and stabilize/capping in the nanoparticles’ fabrication process. Fourier Transform-Infrared, Scanning electron microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Energy dispersive X-Ray, X-ray powder diffraction and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements were used to classify the as-synthesized nanoparticles. Moreover, we evaluated the antifungal mechanism of as-synthesized nanoparticles against different clinical isolates of C. auris. The minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum fungicidal concentrations ranged from 0.39–0.78 μg/mL and 0.78–1.56 μg/mL. Cell count and viability assay further validated the fungicidal potential of Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles. The comprehensive analysis showed that these trimetallic nanoparticles could induce apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in C. auris. Furthermore, Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles exhibit enhanced antimicrobial properties compared to their monometallic counterparts attributed to the synergistic effect of Ag, Cu and Co present in the as-synthesized nanoparticles. Therefore, the present study suggests that the Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles hold the capacity to be a lead for antifungal drug development against C. auris infections.
“…We observed the change in the shift in the other studies of Yadav et al [ 17 ] reported the red, blue sifting of SPR band from 527 nm. Recently, Dlugaszewska et al [ 15 ] reported the absorption peaks to come from 580 to 450 nm due to presence of Au and Ag in biosynthesized Au–Pt–Ag nanoparticle. Further compared our abortion band data with EDX analysis, reveals that the potential blue shift occurs because of the ratio of Ag in the reaction mixture is maximum in comparison to Au NPs, this observation supports the synthesis of Au-Pt-Ag [ 18 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The change in the colour of the solution into dark black confirms the synthesis of TMNPs. Then, the reaction mixtures were placed over magnetic starrier for 24 h, centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 20 min (Eppendorf 5424) and pellets ready for further analysis [ 14 , 15 ]. Fig.…”
In the current scenario of the fight against cancer Integration of potential elements seems to be the best alternative since it overcomes the weaknesses of individuals and the combination of elements makes them formidable in the fight against the cancer war. Inspired by this objective and trusting our knowledge of paddy straw grown oyster mushroom,
Pleurotus florida
(Pf) mediated synthesis; a first-of-kind approach has been developed for the rapid synthesis of Au–Pt–Ag trimetallic nanoparticles (TMNPs). The developed method was successful, which was confirmed by Ultraviolet–Visible, X-ray diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy. Specifically, prepared TMNPs have been studied for their stability and size as a primary prerequisite for nanomedicine. Finally, the stable nanomedicine developed has been assessed for its performance against the highly metastatic breast cancer cell line (mda-mb-231). The performance was assessed using MTT assay and morphological readings, which were integrated with the cell viability data. We also determined the IC50 value, which was far superior to individual components and motivated us to postulate the possible breast cancer cell killing mechanism of TMNPs. The present study unlocks the new paths for the mushroom-mediated environmentally friendly, economic synthesis of trimetallic nanoparticles, which can be effectively used in cancer nanomedicine.
“…Au/Pt/Ag trimetallic NPs have been produced via a facile, and environmentally friendly method by applying aqueous extract of Lamii albi flos [ 85 ]. Additionally, Au-ZnO-Ag trimetallic NPs (~20 nm) have been bio-prepared using the extract of Meliloti officinalis [ 86 ].…”
Section: Greener and Sustainable Synthesis Of Trimetallic Npsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As an example, CuO-NiO-ZnO mixed metal oxide NPs (~7 ± 2 nm) displayed good antibacterial activities and damaging effects against E. coli and S. aureus bacterial strains; the NPs attached to the bacterial cell wall and totally annihilated the cells [ 127 ]. In another study, the green-synthesized trimetallic Au-Pt-Ag NPs (~35–40 nm) exhibited potential for anti-biofilm and antimicrobial activities against S. aureus , E. coli , Enterococcus faecium , Enterococcus faecalis , and Candida albicans [ 85 ]. It was revealed that inhibition responses of trimetallic nanomaterials were higher than monometallic and bimetallic ones, as in the case of Au/Pt/Ag trimetallic nanomaterials synthesized by MW-assisted method ( Figure 17 ).…”
Section: Applications Of Trimetallic Npsmentioning
Nanoparticles (NPs) and multifunctional nano-sized materials have significant applications in diverse fields, namely catalysis, sensors, optics, solar energy conversion, cancer therapy/diagnosis, and bioimaging. Trimetallic NPs have found unique catalytic, active food packaging, biomedical, antimicrobial, and sensing applications; they preserve an ever-superior level of catalytic activities and selectivity compared to monometallic and bimetallic nanomaterials. Due to these important applications, a variety of preparation routes, including hydrothermal, microemulsion, selective catalytic reduction, co-precipitation, and microwave-assisted methodologies have been reported for the syntheses of these nanomaterials. As the fabrication of nanomaterials using physicochemical methods often have hazardous and toxic impacts on the environment, there is a vital need to design innovative and well-organized eco-friendly, sustainable, and greener synthetic protocols for their assembly, by applying safer, renewable, and inexpensive materials. In this review, noteworthy recent advancements relating to the applications of trimetallic NPs and nanocomposites comprising these NPs are underscored as well as their eco-friendly and sustainable synthetic preparative options.
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