Effectiveness of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 Second Doses and Boosters for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection and SARS-CoV-2–Related Hospitalizations: A Statewide Report From the Minnesota Electronic Health Record Consortium

Drawz, Paul; DeSilva, Malini B.; Bodurtha, Peter; Benitez, Gabriela Vazquez; Murray, Anne M.; Chamberlain, Alanna M.; Dudley, R. Adams; Waring, Stephen; Kharbanda, Anupam B.; Murphy, Daniel; Muscoplat, Miriam Halstead; Meléndez, Víctor; Margolis, Karen L.; McFarling, Lynn; Lupu, Roxana; Winkelman, Tyler N.A.; Johnson, Steven G.

doi:10.1093/cid/ciac110

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…After excluding 1857 duplicates and screening of title and abstract of the remaining 2191 studies, we retained 97 full texts that met our inclusion criteria for review of eligibility. After exclusion of irrelevant studies, due to various reasons such as missing outcome of interest or missing information on people with diabetes, 12 studies [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ] were included in the review. Through citation searching of included articles, five additional studies [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ] were identified and included, resulting in a total of 17 studies ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VE for hospitalization ranged from 35 to 96% in persons with diabetes and from 67 to 93% in the total population or persons without diabetes. In three of four studies, VE estimates were lower in persons with diabetes compared to the total population, with large and significant differences in one study [ 22 ]. VE for death ranged from 53 to 93% in persons with diabetes and from 39 to 97% in the total population.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Forest plots with point estimates and 95% confidence intervals of effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against ( A ) infection, ( B ) symptomatic illness, ( C ) hospitalization, and ( D ) death. N denotes total number of participants per study, as numbers per group were usually not available [ 20 , 22 , 23 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines in Adults with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Persons with diabetes mellitus may have an increased risk of severe illness or death from COVID-19 compared to persons without diabetes. Prior studies indicate that immune response and thus vaccine effectiveness might be lower in persons with diabetes. We aimed to systematically review the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in adults with diabetes. Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched for studies that evaluated the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in adults with diabetes, published before 4 March 2022. Risk of bias in the included studies was evaluated using the ROBINS-I tool. At least two reviewers conducted the study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment independently. After screening of 2196 studies, a total of 17 articles were included. Six different COVID-19 vaccines (Ad5-nCoV-S, AZD1222, BNT162b2, CoronaVac, JNJ-78436735, and mRNA-1273) were included in the synthesis. Vaccine effectiveness was reported for SARS-CoV-2 infection, symptomatic COVID-19, hospitalization, and death, and ranged from 24 to 96% in persons with diabetes, and from 33 to 97% in total study populations; effectiveness was generally lower for persons with diabetes. Odds ratios for breakthrough infection or severe COVID-19 ranged from 1.03 to 2.41 in vaccinated persons with diabetes compared to persons without diabetes. Even though the included studies were very heterogeneous, results from the synthesis indicate that effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines might be lower in persons with diabetes. More research is needed on the comparison of vaccine effectiveness between persons with and without diabetes, and the effectiveness of repeat COVID-19 vaccinations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines in Adults with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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“…Our estimate is similar to the reduction in cumulative incidence of reported infections associated with booster vaccination during an Omicron wave in Los Angeles County [ 33 ] and consistent with a pooled estimate of booster effectiveness (47%; 95% CI: [19%, 65%]) from a meta-analysis of studies completed during periods of Omicron predominance across the globe [ 34 ]. Importantly, our analysis includes both symptomatic and asymptomatic infections because the student population was under active surveillance, whereas none of the studies included in the meta-analysis examined a population under active surveillance [ 7 , 35 – 40 ]. Interestingly, between two studies on the effectiveness of a second booster dose, i.e., fourth vaccine dose [ 41 , 42 ], one that used data collected during active surveillance [ 42 ] also found lower effectiveness than one that did not [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Booster vaccination protection against SARS-CoV-2 infections in young adults during an Omicron BA.1-predominant period: A retrospective cohort study

et al. 2023

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Background While booster vaccinations clearly reduce the risk of severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and death, the impact of boosters on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections has not been fully characterized: Doing so requires understanding their impact on asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic infections that often go unreported but nevertheless play an important role in spreading SARS-CoV-2. We sought to estimate the impact of COVID-19 booster doses on SARS-CoV-2 infections in a vaccinated population of young adults during an Omicron BA.1-predominant period. Methods and findings We implemented a cohort study of young adults in a college environment (Cornell University’s Ithaca campus) from a period when Omicron BA.1 was the predominant SARS-CoV-2 variant on campus (December 5 to December 31, 2021). Participants included 15,800 university students who completed initial vaccination series with vaccines approved by the World Health Organization for emergency use, were enrolled in mandatory at-least-weekly surveillance polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, and had no positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test within 90 days before the start of the study period. Robust multivariable Poisson regression with the main outcome of a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test was performed to compare those who completed their initial vaccination series and a booster dose to those without a booster dose. A total of 1,926 unique SARS-CoV-2 infections were identified in the study population. Controlling for sex, student group membership, date of completion of initial vaccination series, initial vaccine type, and temporal effect during the study period, our analysis estimates that receiving a booster dose further reduces the rate of having a PCR-detected SARS-CoV-2 infection relative to an initial vaccination series by 56% (95% confidence interval [42%, 67%], P < 0.001). While most individuals had recent booster administration before or during the study period (a limitation of our study), this result is robust to the assumed delay over which a booster dose becomes effective (varied from 1 day to 14 days). The mandatory active surveillance approach used in this study, under which 86% of the person-days in the study occurred, reduces the likelihood of outcome misclassification. Key limitations of our methodology are that we did not have an a priori protocol or statistical analysis plan because the analysis was initially done for institutional research purposes, and some analysis choices were made after observing the data. Conclusions We observed that boosters are effective, relative to completion of initial vaccination series, in further reducing the rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections in a college student population during a period when Omicron BA.1 was predominant; booster vaccinations for this age group may play an important role in reducing incidence of COVID-19.

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“…To the Editor —We read with great interest the recent article by Drawz et al in which the authors explored the potential role of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine’s booster doses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–related hospitalizations [ 1 ]. In South Korea, a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination campaign was initiated starting on 26 February 2021.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Booster mRNA Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an Elderly Population, South Korea, October 2021–January 2022

Kim

Choe

Jang

et al. 2022

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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Effectiveness of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 Second Doses and Boosters for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection and SARS-CoV-2–Related Hospitalizations: A Statewide Report From the Minnesota Electronic Health Record Consortium

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines in Adults with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines in Adults with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

Booster vaccination protection against SARS-CoV-2 infections in young adults during an Omicron BA.1-predominant period: A retrospective cohort study

Effectiveness of Booster mRNA Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an Elderly Population, South Korea, October 2021–January 2022

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