Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines in Preventing Hospitalizations and Deaths in Colombia: A Pair-Matched, National-Wide Cohort Study in Older Adults

Arregocés, Leonardo; Fernández, Julián; Rojas-Botero, Maylen Liseth; Palacios-Clavijo, Andrés Felipe; Galvis, Maryory; Rincón, Luz Emilse; Pinto-Álvarez, Mariana; Gómez, Francisco; Trejo-Valdivia, Belém

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3944059

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Here we also summarized the vaccine effectiveness of current authorized COVID‐19 vaccines against symptomatic infection, hospitalization and death induced by SARS‐CoV‐2 Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron variants (Table 3). 134,140–171 We can discover a decline in vaccine effectiveness to a different degree in each COVID‐19 vaccine, even after full vaccination, especially for the protection of documented infection 134,140–143,161,162 . The protective efficacy of the Novavax NVX‐CoV2373 subunit vaccine declined from 89.3% to 49.4% in the clinical studies carried out in South Africa, where the Beta variant is prevalent 46 .…”

Section: The Effects Of Spike Mutations On Current Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress in spike mutations of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants and vaccine development

Hong

et al. 2023

Medicinal Research Reviews

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic can hardly end with the emergence of different variants over time. In the past 2 years, several variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), such as the Delta and Omicron variants, have emerged with higher transmissibility, immune evasion and drug resistance, leading to higher morbidity and mortality in the population. The prevalent variants of concern (VOCs) share several mutations on the spike that can affect virus characteristics, including transmissibility, antigenicity, and immune evasion. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that the neutralization capacity of sera from COVID‐19 convalescent or vaccinated individuals is decreased against SARS‐CoV‐2 variants. Moreover, the vaccine effectiveness of current COVID‐19 vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2 VOCs is not as high as that against wild‐type SARS‐CoV‐2. Therefore, more attention might be paid to how the mutations impact vaccine effectiveness. In this review, we summarized the current studies on the mutations of the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike, particularly of the receptor binding domain, to elaborate on how the mutations impact the infectivity, transmissibility and immune evasion of the virus. The effects of mutations in the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike on the current therapeutics were highlighted, and potential strategies for future vaccine development were suggested.

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Section: The Effects Of Spike Mutations On Current Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress in spike mutations of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants and vaccine development

Hong

et al. 2023

Medicinal Research Reviews

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“…According to a retrospective cohort study from Colombia, the VE of AZD1222 against hospitalization and death for the Mu variant among individuals ≥60 years old was 75.4% (95% CI: 48.2–88.3) and 96.3% (95% CI: 88.4–98.8), respectively ( 63 ).…”

Section: Covid-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Against Variantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A retrospective cohort study from Colombia evaluated that the Janssen-Ad.26.COV2.S vaccine was 80% (95% CI: 19.9–95.0) and 75.0% (95% CI: 0.0–93.8) effective against hospitalization and death for the Mu variant, respectively ( 63 ).…”

Section: Covid-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Against Variantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the retrospective cohort study from Colombia, the Pfizer BioNTech-Comirnaty vaccine against hospitalization and death due to the Mu variant was assessed to be 90.3% (95% CI: 87.1–92.7) and 98.5% (95% CI: 97.8–98.9) effective, respectively ( 63 ).…”

Section: Covid-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Against Variantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A retrospective cohort study conducted in Colombia, during a period when the Mu variant was predominant, revealed that the Sinovac-CoronaVac vaccine was 67.2% (95% CI: 63.7–70.4) effective at preventing hospitalization and 77.1% (95% CI: 75.5–78.6) effective at preventing death ( 63 ).…”

Section: Covid-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Against Variantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of COVID-19 Vaccines in SARS-CoV-2 Variants

2022

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a threat to the health of the global population. As the result of a global effort in the determination of origin, structure, and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, particularly such the variant of concern as Delta Variant and Omicron Variant, the understanding of SARS-CoV-2 are deepening and the development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are ongoing. Currently, AstraZeneca-Vaxzevria/SII-Covishield vaccine, Janssen-Ad26.COV2.S vaccine, Moderna-mRNA-1273 vaccine, Pfizer BioNTech-Comirnaty vaccine and Sinovac-CoronaVac vaccine have been listed as WHO Emergency Use Listing (EUL) Qualified Vaccines by WHO. Because of the antigen escape caused by the mutation in variants, the effectiveness of vaccines, which are currently the main means of prevention and treatment, has been affected by varying degrees. Herein, we review the current status of mutations of SARS-CoV-2 variants, the different approaches used in the development of COVID-19 vaccines, and COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 variants.

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A systematic review of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease

Higdon

Wahl

Jones

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Billions of doses of COVID-19 vaccines have been administered around the world, dramatically reducing SARS-CoV-2 incidence in some settings. Many studies suggest vaccines provide a high degree of protection against infection and disease, but precise estimates vary and studies differ in design, outcomes measured, dosing regime, location, and circulating virus strains. Here we conduct a systematic review of COVID-19 vaccines as of August 2021. We included efficacy data from Phase 3 clinical trials for 13 vaccines within the WHO Emergency Use Listing evaluation process and real-world effectiveness for 5 vaccines with observational studies meeting inclusion criteria. Vaccine metrics collected include effects against asymptomatic infection, any infection, symptomatic COVID-19, and severe outcomes including hospitalization and death, for both partial and complete vaccination, and against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. In addition, we review the epidemiological principles behind the design and interpretation of vaccine effects, and explain important sources of heterogeneity between studies.

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Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines in Preventing Hospitalizations and Deaths in Colombia: A Pair-Matched, National-Wide Cohort Study in Older Adults

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Research progress in spike mutations of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants and vaccine development

Research progress in spike mutations of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants and vaccine development

Role of COVID-19 Vaccines in SARS-CoV-2 Variants

A systematic review of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease

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