Effectiveness of emission control in reducing PM&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2.5&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; pollution in central China during winter haze episodes under various potential synoptic controls

Yan, Yingying; Zhou, Yue; Kong, Shaofei; Lin, Jian; Wu, Jian; Zheng, Huang; Zhang, Zexuan; Song, Aili; Bai, Yongqing; Zhang, Ling; Liu, Dantong; Zhao, Tianliang

doi:10.5194/acp-21-3143-2021

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…On the third day, the cold air weakened and dissipated, the upstream cold high pressure continued to move southward, and the THB was controlled by high-pressure circulation (Figure 6F). This highpressure weather type is conducive to the retention of aerosol particles, such that they remain and accumulate over central China (Yan et al, 2021). Moreover, the influence of atmospheric diffusion conditions on the subsidence airflow induced by the weak northern high pressure requires attention (Supplementary Figure S4A).…”

Section: Synoptic Circulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, little attention has been paid to the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, especially the Twain-Hu Basin (THB) (Figure 1A). The dominant synoptic patterns have been classified as heavy PM 2.5 in the THB region of central China from 2013 to 2018 (Yan et al, 2021). Strong northerly winds influenced by the East Asian winter monsoons transport high concentrations of air pollutants downstream from the upper reaches of Hebei and Henan, resulting in heavy pollution incidents in the THB (Bai et al, 2021;Hu et al, 2021;Shen et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two Typical Patterns of Regional PM2.5 Transport for Heavy Air Pollution Over Central China: Rapid Transit Transport and Stationary Accumulation Transport

Wang

Bai

Zhi

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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The regional transport of air pollutants has been identified as a critical factor that affects air quality over downwind receptor areas; however, the regional transport patterns for air pollution episodes remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified two distinct patterns of regional transport: rapid transit transport (RTT) and stationary accumulation transport (SAT), both of which induced severe PM2.5 pollution episodes in central China during 2015–2020. The differences and similarities between the two regional transport patterns of air pollution were characterized by their influencing meteorological factors. Similar meteorological conditions trigger the RTT and SAT, with a high-PM2.5 concentration air mass from the upstream regions transported to the Twain-Hu Basin (THB) by the strong northerly winds with a southward advance of cold air mass. The average rate of increase in the PM2.5 concentration of the RTT (12.5 μg/m3/h) is more than that of the SAT (5.7 μg/m3/h). However, meteorological conditions evolved differently in RTT and SAT. For RTT with the fast passage of cold air, the THB is located behind the strong cold front during the later stage, and these events rapidly ended owing to the northerly winds and wet scavenging of precipitation. For SAT with the slow cold air accumulation, the THB is mainly occupied by a weak high-pressure system with low wind speeds, strong descending airflow, and a low atmospheric boundary layer height, trapping the air pollutants accumulated in the THB and resulting in persistent heavy pollution incidents. This study provides new insights into the meteorological mechanism underlying the formation of severe air pollution episodes over a receptor region owing to the regional transport patterns of air pollutants.

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Section: Synoptic Circulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Typical Patterns of Regional PM2.5 Transport for Heavy Air Pollution Over Central China: Rapid Transit Transport and Stationary Accumulation Transport

Wang

Bai

Zhi

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Ammonia is assumed to be released only from anthropogenic activities similar to other air quality modeling studies over China (Li et al 2021, Yan et al 2021, while natural sources are absent. The detailed ammonia sources included in MECI were agriculture, industry, residential, and transportation.…”

Section: Prior Anthropogenic Nh 3 Emission Inventorymentioning

confidence: 99%

4DEnVar-based inversion system for ammonia emission estimation in China through assimilating IASI ammonia retrievals

Jin

et al. 2023

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Atmospheric ammonia has been hazardous to the environment and human health for decades. Current inventories are usually constructed in a bottom-up manner and subject to uncertainties and incapable of reproducing the spatiotemporal characteristics of ammonia emission. Satellite measurements, for example, Infrared Atmospheric Sounder Interferometer (IASI) and Cross-Track Infrared Sounder (CrIS), which provide global coverage of ammonia distribution, have gained popularity in ammonia emission estimation through data assimilation methods. However, satellite-based emission inversion studies on China are limited. In this study, we propose a four-dimensional ensemble variational -based ammonia emission inversion system to optimize ammonia emissions in China. It was developed by assimilating the IASI ammonia retrievals onboard Meteorological Operational satellite A and B (Metop-A/B) into a chemical transport model Goddard Earth Observing System Chemical model (GEOS-Chem). Monthly inversion experiments were conducted in April, July, and October 2016 to test performance. The inversion result indicated that the prior inventory from the MEIC model captured ammonia spreads in general; however, it heterogeneously underrated the emission intensity. The increments obtained in the assimilation were as high as 50% in North, East, and Northwest China. The posterior emission inventory presented a regional emission flux consistent with relevant studies. Driven by the optimized source estimate, GEOS-Chem provides superior results than using the prior in the evaluation of the assimilated IASI retrievals and the surface ammonia concentration measured by the ground-based Ammonia Monitoring Network (AMoN) in China.

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“…A stable weather index can fully reflect PM2.5 pollution in North China Plain (Feng et al, 2018). The source contributions and transboundary transport of fine particles (PM2.5) in pollution episodes are closely related to large-scale or synoptic-scale atmospheric circulation (Yan et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of stable index and transport index for regional air pollution over Twain-Hu Basin

Yanyu

Bai²,

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Affected by stagnant and transmission air pollution, Regional pollution day (RPD) frequently occurs in Twain-Hu Basin. In the winter halfaear of 2015–2021 (November to March of following year), the Regional pollution days reached 331 days. A variety of weather systems together lead to regional air pollution. Based on the observation data of PM2.5 concentration and multi-source meteorological elements during the study period, the weather types of Regional pollution days in Twain-Hu Basin can be divided into four types by using the T-model (T-PCA) classification method, namely, uniform pressure field (42 days), front of cold high-pressure bottom (180 days), back of high-pressure (81 days), and low pressure with an inverted trough field (28 days). Under the influence of uniform pressure field and front of cold high-pressure bottom, it shows the meteorological characteristics of static pollution and transmission pollution, respectively. A stable index (STI) is constructed to describe the PM2.5 pollution caused by the stagnant weather, and a transport index (TRI) is constructed to describe the PM2.5 pollution caused by the transport weather. They have a satisfactory evaluation effect on PM2.5 pollution under the influence of uniform pressure field and front of cold high-pressure bottom, respectively. Interestingly, the correlation coefficients between the pollution index (A stable index + transport index) and PM2.5 concentration could increase obviously to 0.48–0.71 when A stable index and transport index are considered comprehensively. Furthermore, the validation in the winter halfaear of 2021/2022 show that the correlation coefficient of most stations is above 0.70. Therefore, satisfactory performance in validation suggests that this index construction method can be well applied to regional pollution assessment in Twain-Hu Basin.

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Effectiveness of emission control in reducing PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution in central China during winter haze episodes under various potential synoptic controls

Cited by 30 publications

References 73 publications

Two Typical Patterns of Regional PM2.5 Transport for Heavy Air Pollution Over Central China: Rapid Transit Transport and Stationary Accumulation Transport

Two Typical Patterns of Regional PM2.5 Transport for Heavy Air Pollution Over Central China: Rapid Transit Transport and Stationary Accumulation Transport

4DEnVar-based inversion system for ammonia emission estimation in China through assimilating IASI ammonia retrievals

Application of stable index and transport index for regional air pollution over Twain-Hu Basin

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