Effectiveness of Ketapang (Terminalia cattapa L.) Extract Against Avian Pathogenic Eschericia coli (APEC) Infections in Layer Performance

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the activity of Ketapang extract (Terminalia cattapa L.) in layers infected with APEC. In vitro study that was conducted dilution methods using Ketapang extract at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% concentrations. In vivo study was conducted by randomly dividing 20 layers into five treatment groups, four per group. The chickens (except in group P0−) were infected with APEC aged 24 weeks. Then, the treatment was conducted according to the divided groups in one week. The said treatments are P0− (uninfected APEC and unadministered with Ketapang extract), P0+ (infected with APEC and unadministered with Ketapang extract), and P1, P2, and P3 (infected with APEC and administered with Ketapang extract with 5%, 10%, and 20% concentrations, respectively). The data from layers' performance were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan's test. The dilution method (MIC and MBC) exhibited the antibacterial ability of Ketapang extract against APEC at 5% dose. The Ketapang extract administration in layers exhibited improved performance of chickens infected with APEC, with the administration of 10% dose of Ketapang extract showing the best result. In summary, about 10% concentration Ketapang extract can serve as an antibacterial agent and showed the best results in layers infected with APEC.

Plant Extract in the Control of Poultry Omphalitis

“…Due to their affinity with bacterial membranes, plant extracts cause their permeabilization, which is the main target for bacterial eradication [ 35 ]. This mechanism can cause coagulation of bacterial protoplasm, inhibiting its growth [ 36 ]. The results presented by Bandian et al [ 37 ] echo and strengthen the findings mentioned above, highlighting the assertive action of plant extracts on bacteria.…”